This paper reports research studies on the determinants of children's helping of another child in distress. Effects of age and various environmental conditions were investigated. Experiments had a similar design: subjects were given a task and made aware that a child was alone in an adjoining room. The experimenter then left the room and subjects…

The ethological approach may become an important methodology in the developmental studies of children. The ethological approach takes into consideration the total world of the child, social and cognitive, when the child's development in that world is analyzed. Information can be obtained both from studies of other primates (for example, the study…

This paper examines the relationship of educational goals to some fundamental beliefs. Four research findings judged as well-substantiated but not yet having full effect on educational thinking were considered: (1) The breadth and magnitude of human capacities and resources far exceed present levels of actualization within persons or societies;…

In the last fifteen years revisionists have attacked the ascendency of Ellwood P. Cubberly, and his pietistic picture of the public school, with historical perspectives that relegate public education to being one of many educational functions in American culture and with the view that public schools "miseducate" the American people.…

Four years of an ongoing research project designed to investigate the joint impact of family, peers, teacher, and professional upbringers on the socialization of children in Israel are reported. Data are gathered on child behavior and socialization practices from fifth, sixth, and seventh graders. Settings in the two major waves of field work…

This report summarizes one year's efforts to examine sex role stereotypes in elementary and secondary education. It takes an empirical approach to determining how sex role stereotypes are manifested in schools. Traditional techniques of literature review are used to collect data, but the real emphasis is on involving individuals and organizations…

These two papers summarize a portion of a wide-ranging survey, conducted in Memphis, of children's political attitudes and knowledge. Inconclusive data on prime influences in the process of political socialization and a lack of data on lower income, rural, Southern, black children suggested the scope of the research. The students sampled were in…

The effects of modeling and corrective feedback on the conservation of equalities and inequalities were studied with items spanning three stimulus dimensions (length, number, and two-dimensional space). Observation of a model, correction training (joining positive feedback with verbal rule provision), and the combination of observation and…

This paper presents the conceptual basis for a research study of thirty-seven societies to investigate the educational function of initiation ceremonies and secret societies. "Hidden curriculum" is the term chosen for the precepts passed on within certain cultural institutions of a society. The author hypothesizes that in a tribal society, the…

This paper presents a summary of behavior concepts that together provide the outline of a possible developmental theory of prosocial motivation. These concepts, based on human role-taking capacities, include empathic distress, sympathetic distress, personal guilt, and existential guild. At first, a child cannot discriminate between himself and…

Many of the "revolutionary" ideas in education have been procedural changes (e.g., team teaching) or sophisticated variations on old themes (e.g., "new" math). This anthology of readings attempts to break through familiar patterns of thinking about curriculums. Three initial articles under "The Process of Curriculum-Making" examine certain…

Recounts the history, describes the present, and puts forward the crucial political and educational questions whose resolution will determine the future of day care in America. Suggested guidelines include a child-centered, parent-controlled, quality (educative) child-care service. (CS)

The primary purpose of the present investigation is to study the relation between maternal communication and the child's resistance to temptation during an experimental task, among Italian and Canadian families. The nature of maternal communication was assessed by analyzing the verbal behavior of the mother while in discussion with her child. A…

This report, the result of a 5-day conference on the politics of education, reviews the four research focus areas covered during the conference: (1) new goals and objectives for educational institutions, (2) the political education of youth, (3) analysis of the governance of educational institutions, and (4) the study of input/output/feedback…

Examining change in terms of rate, type, source, and scope, this study explores these dimensions as they relate to the struggle of Mexican Americans in realizing the benefits and detriments of an open society. A morphology of educational change, implications for the Mexican American, and research notes are developed. It is concluded that education…