Sport and physical education provide unique opportunities to contribute to the quality of life. Historically, they were enthusiastically used to develop high standards of ethical and moral behavior. Currently, however, cheating and violence have become standard, especially in North America, and are apparently accepted with mild criticism and only…

In this study four research strategies used in previous studies of the socialization of cognitive skills were first contrasted and then assessed in terms of five criteria. (The data base for this study was 32 videotapes of mothers preparing their 7- or 9-year-old children to take a memory test.) The four strategies (frequency coding, fine-grained…

Issues involved in the education of adolescents with learning disabilities (LD) include the necessity for the student to surmount organizational problems at home and at school, and the effects of inadequate social skills and the fear of failure. Parents of LD students should understand their rights in the assessment process, and should be…

Studies conducted since the early 1950s have identified manual workers, low income groups, those with less education, and residents of urban areas as likely to be Democratic Party voters and those from higher income groups, the better educated, those with white-collar or professional jobs, and rural residents to be more likely to vote Republican.…

Previous research has indicated that father absence detrimentally affects children's cognitive functioning. Demographic data and Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores were gathered from 55 females and 45 females from divorced families where the mother received custody, 19 females and 21 males with a deceased father, and a group of matched control…

This guide for teachers, in English and Spanish, examines the role of stereotypes within the context of contemporary beliefs, ideas, and attitudes. A pre-test and post-test are included to measure the user's awareness of stereotypes. Object lessons cover the following topics: (1) definition of stereotypes; (2) racial and ethnic stereotypes; (3)…

Although the effects of sex-role socialization factors on career decision-making have received increased attention, little research has assessed the relationship between sex role variables and the factors affecting career decision-making. Differential effects and interactions of sex, sex role orientation, and sex role attitudes on six factors…

A study examined the potential effects on journalism management of the recent influx of women into journalism schools. In addition, the study sought to predict the career progress of women currently in journalism schools to the editorial ranks by measuring feminine traits (the limited aspirations of women and feminine communication patterns) that…

To determine the role of communication channels, particularly mass media, in the socialization of foreign college students, a study was devised whereby foreign students from three central Illinois universities responded to a 27-item questionniare on American values. The questionnaire called for agree/disagree responses on such topics as the…

The possibility that child behavior could affect parental choice of socialization technique was examined. Girls, age nine, (N=3) were trained to act high and low in person-orientation, and served as confederates. Female college students (N-24), who were unaware that the children were trained, each participated in one session. Results demonstrated…

Data from interviews with 1,966 potential voters in Summit County, Ohio, in 1972 were analyzed to determine the relationship between political disaffection and reliance on television or newspapers for campaign news. The question that assessed media reliance was "How much do you count on (television/newspapers) to help you make up your mind…

Examined in this document are specific political events, values, and styles of cultural revolt which have structured the parameters of rebellion and forged the tradition of outcast life styles. Some of the political events and values dealt with include the history of radicalism in the United States, and the Declaration of Independence, the…

This report is a record of a two year observational study of a first grade class in a multiracial elementary school located in San Jose, California. The focus of this study is on the processes which characterize the social life of this particular school. Organizing concepts of the study, the method and plan of the study, and the structure of the…

Socialization is the way culture is learned and the individual is fitted into an organized way of life; it is the process whereby human beings get their personal identities, ideals, aspirations, values, disciplines, individuality and self-awareness. A girl's socialization is different from that of a boy. Boys are taught to be self reliant, strong,…

This study undertook the following tasks: (1) to review the social science literature on sex roles, sex role socialization and sex discrimination in education; (2) to develop a model that accounts for sex discrimination and indicates how to eliminate it; and (3) to design a program to test the model developed. The study made several assumptions.…