The main aim of this paper is to discuss some moral implications of cognitive doping in education. In this context, the term 'cognitive doping' refers to the use of cognitive enhancing drugs--such as Ritalin--among students in order to improve their cognitive functions and educational performance on college exams. Cognitive doping raises not only…

Over the past 20 years, many studies have shown that students' test anxiety is significantly related to their level of perfectionism. However, the reported results are relatively inconsistent, varying in both the magnitude and direction of relationships. The present study provides the first meta-analytic review of the relationships between…

This study examined the calculation methods of P121 and P10 scores used in teacher appointments. The statistics regarding the Public Personnel Selection Examination (PPSE) subtests used by Measurement, Selection and Placement Center (MSPC) in 2018, 2019 and 2020 were accessed from the website of the institution. The parameters not published on…

Cyber charter schools may increase access to a range of educational offerings, but they substantially underperform traditional public schools on measured academic performance, as demonstrated in a range of studies with distinct samples and methods. Artificial testing conditions offer a possible explanation. In contrast to face-to-face students,…

Response process validity evidence can provide researchers with insight into how and why participants interpret items on instruments such as tests and questionnaires. In chemistry education research literature and the social sciences more broadly, response process validity evidence has been used and reported in a variety of ways. This paper's…

Duplication of chromosome 15q11.2-q13.1 (dup15q syndrome) results in hypotonia, intellectual disability (ID), and autism symptomatology. Clinical electroencephalography has shown abnormal sleep physiology, but no studies have characterized sleep behaviors. The present study used the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) in 42 people with…

Background/context: One of the most prominent educational social movements in the United States during the past two decades has been the opt-out movement, in which parents and caregivers refuse to have their school-aged children sit for federally mandated tests. Although early responses by government officials framed the movement in terms of race,…

Participants rated Intuition, Suddenness, Pleasure, and Certainty accompanying their solutions to items of a popular fluid intelligence test -- Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) -- that varied from easy (around 80% correct) to difficult (around 20% correct). The same ratings were collected from four insight problems interleaved with…

The validity of the Kappa coefficient of chance-corrected agreement has been questioned when the prevalence of specific rating scale categories is low and agreement between raters is high. The researchers proposed the Lambda Coefficient of Rater-Mediated Agreement as an alternative to Kappa to address these concerns. Lambda corrects for chance…

In mathematics education, assessment is increasingly conducted using computer- or tablet-based technologies as alternatives to the traditional paper-and-pencil format. Several studies have examined the impact of test mode (computer vs. paper) on test performance in mathematics, but these studies have produced mixed results and few studies…

Objective: To examine whether student use of AHIMA VLab™ in their academic programs impacts the pass/fail outcomes on their first-attempt national certification exams. This is a four-year longitudinal study, spanning 2017-2020. Methods: Data were extracted from two separate databases: the AHIMA association management system (AMS) known as Aptify…

Recent major changes in the form and content tested on the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) exam have necessitated a re-examination of the relevance of undergraduate accounting coursework to CPA exam performance. Using data on candidates who attended an AACSB-accredited business school in the United States and who took the exam during the period…

Individuals with unidentified Reading Disorders are at greater risk of poor learning and social-emotional outcomes. Early identification of Reading Disorders ameliorates the risk of school failure. Researchers link early identification of specific Reading Disorders, such as Dyslexia, to communication deficits. Specifically, toddler expressive…

The mediators of real-world executive functions in autism during the transition into adulthood are mainly unknown. This study aimed to identify the mediators for the behavioral and cognitive domains of real-world executive functions in late adolescent and young adult autistic populations. We followed up 289 autistic children (aged 11.6 ± 3.8, male…

Without data on speech accuracy of Vietnamese-English speakers, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are unable to assess accurately this population for speech sound disorders. This study explored the heretofore uninvestigated speech accuracy and use of Vietnamese-English bilingual individuals residing in the USA. Participants included six…