Examines teacher education policy development in China in light of changes in China's political and social goals following the death of Mao Tse-tung in 1976. China's most important current goal is to become a modernized nation by the year 2000. Challenges and opportunities of teacher education with regard to this goal are discussed. (DB)

Investigates the influence of social reinforcement, modeling, direct reinforcement, and words and images on the acquisition of career-related preferences. Students identified social reinforcement as the most important antecedent for their career preference. Career decision making skills mediate the influence of models and direct reinforcement on…

Despite obvious and fundamental differences, contemporary library issues strikingly familiar to those of the west also beset the Soviet library world--issues that so far have been bridged in only technical apolitical areas. Governmental insistence on the centrality of ideology to library service remains an international stumbling block.…

Analyzes two private, secondary school rituals to determine why private schools are more effective than state schools in socializing students into acceptance of and support for the culture of the school. (Author/MW)

Studied kinship in Italian-American families with an emphasis on the sibling relationship. Focused interviews were conducted with 74 Italian-American homogeneous marriages, 98 inter-marriages, and 56 Protestants of European background. Found intermarried families more involved in kinship activities with the greatest differences between groups…

Anticipatory leadership, which is action based on the forecasting of alternative futures, can solve many of the educational system's current and future problems. Effective resource management, a form of anticipatory leadership, can solve social, political, and educational problems of the future. (CJ)

Investigated the extent to which Swedish couples (N=128) share domestic tasks using a mail survey. Suggests Swedish couples shared household chores more evenly than American couples. Results indicated variables measuring social exchange theory, family life-cycle stage, and socialization had the greatest influence on role sharing behavior.…

Cultural context is examined to explain teacher response to attempts to socialize them to a new primary curriculum in recent years. It is recommended that future research on educational innovation concern itself with such issues in addition to the usual concern for academic consequences of change. (MSE)

Describes the career and methods of A. S. Makarenko, revered in the Soviet Union for his successful work with children abandoned in the Civil War (1918-1921). Evolution of his theories in later Soviet education is traced and comparisons made with institutions for homeless or delinquent youth in other countries. (SJL)

Describes political consciousness in collectivities. Symbolist thought, focused on the idea of "myth," is linked with material thought, focused on the concept of "ideology." Suggests that a description of political consciousness can be constructed from the structures of meaning exhibited by a society's vocabulary of…

Though recreational programs are not planned specifically to reduce delinquency, well-planned recreation programs can keep potential delinquents from misusing their leisure time. (JN)

A teacher education program was developed to enable preservice teachers to discuss and role-play the kinds of behavior associated with being a classroom teacher. This evalution report examines the curriculum design and trialing procedures, and reports the findings from experimental use of the curriculum in four institutions. (Author/BW)

Four topics are briefly reviewed: how girls are socialized into the feminine role; how elementary schools discriminate against boys and secondary schools against girls; the question of biological sex differences in learning; and recent changes in sex roles and the status of women. (Part of a theme issue on women.) (SJL)

A longitudinal study of the ego and cognitive development of boys and girls revealed that sex-different socialization practices cause the two sexes to create different premises about the world, develop different competencies, and use different cognitive structures to deal with new experience. (Author/WD)

The premise that "sports builds character" is scrutinized through a discussion of several contact sports--boxing, hockey, and football. The fine line between assertiveness and aggression is explored, and the interrelationship between society and sports is investigated. (JN)