Developmental and individual differences in mathematical aptitude were investigated as a function of knowledge structure and processing variables. Results indicated the relative importance of knowledge structure and strategy skills in aptitude test performance. Protocol data further elaborated the interrelationships between knowledge and process…

Empirical and conceptual issues in the delineation of the construct of assertiveness can be viewed from the perspectives of social, personality, and clinical psychology. Results from a social psychological research program aimed at defining the nature and determinants of assertiveness suggest a need for replication to other subject populations,…

A BIBLIOGRAPHY GEARED TO HELP CHILDREN GAIN INSIGHTS INTO THE LOYALTIES OF CHILDREN FROM OTHER CULTURAL, RACIAL, RELIGIOUS, NATIONAL, AND ETHNIC BACKGROUNDS IS PRESENTED. AN EFFORT WAS MADE TO SELECT BOOKS WHICH MEET THE FOLLOWING STANDARDS--RANK HIGH IN LITERARY QUALITY, APPEAL TO CHILDREN, STRESS LIKENESSES BETWEEN CHILDREN, PRESENT DIFFERENCES,…

A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO THE EDUCATION OF ALL YOUNGSTERS ACCORDING TO THEIR NEEDS IS A UNIQUE FEATURE OF THE FLINT COMMUNITY SCHOOLS' INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM. FOUR DIFFERENT PLANS COMPRISE A SPECIAL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE FOR ALL GRADE LEVELS. THE FIRST THREE GRADES ARE INVOLVED IN THE PRIMARY CYCLE WHICH REPLACES THE TRADITIONAL FIRST, SECOND,…

THIS SECOND ISSUE OF VOLUME 1 OF "THE OKLAHOMA READER" PRESENTS SIX ARTICLES IN AN EFFORT TO EXTEND THE WORK OF THE OKLAHOMA READING COUNCIL TO TEACHERS THROUGHOUT THE STATE. THE ARTICLES CONCERN PLANS FOR A REMEDIAL PROGRAM, THE ROLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN BASIC READERS, WORD ATTACK SKILLS, STRENGTHENING ATTENTION SPAN, CRITICAL READING, USE OF…

THIS DOCUMENT IS A POPULATION STUDY OF JUNIOR (JKP) AND SENIOR (SKP) KINDERGARTEN PUPILS IN TORONTO, CANADA. IT IS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A LONGITUDINAL "STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT" (PS 000 355) THAT WILL ATTEMPT TO ASCERTAIN WHETHER THE EFFECTS OF JUNIOR KINDERGARTEN ON PUPILS' SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT TEND TO DIMINISH FROM GRADE TO GRADE…

THE PROCESS OF INSTRUCTION WOULD BENEFIT FROM BEING ORGANIZED IN TERMS OF BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY. FIRST, THE PROCESS OF TASK ANALYSIS SHOULD DIVIDE THE FINAL OBJECTIVE INTO A SERIES OF SUBTOPICS OR RELATED TASKS. PERHAPS DIFFERENT TEACHING PROCEDURES WILL BE NEEDED TO MASTER DIFFERENT SUBTOPICS OF THE FINAL OBJECTIVE. SECOND, AN ASSESSMENT SHOULD…

TWO SERIES OF STUDIES WHOSE SUBJECTS WERE EITHER HOODED AND ALBINO RATS OR YOUNG CHILDREN INVESTIGATED THE INFLUENCE OF EARLY EXPERIENCES ON LATER BEHAVIOR. IN THE FIRST, BOTH SUBSPECIES OF RATS WERE EXPOSED TO EITHER ENRICHED OR RESTRICTED ENVIRONMENTS TO ASSESS THEIR PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES UNDER VARIOUS LEARNING CONDITIONS. THE RESULTS…

AN EXPLORATION INTO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE LEARNING OF VARIOUS AGE GROUPS WAS CONDUCTED TO OBTAIN DATA OF DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES FOR THE FORMATION OF LEARNING SET. THE OBJECT-QUALITY DISCRIMINATION LEARNING SET WAS STUDIED TO SEARCH FOR SYSTEMATIC RESPONSE PATTERNS, AND TO EXAMINE AGE DIFFERENCES. THE SAMPLES USED IN THIS STUDY WERE 53 NURSERY…

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of embedded headings, with and without instructions on their usage, as processing aids for text material. It was expected that the Instructions/Headings group would outperform both the Headings Only and Control (no instructions or headings) groups, and that the performance of the Headings Only group…

Previous research conducted from a schema theory perspective has neglected those instances where the reader is confronted with unfamiliar text. This issue is addressed, and initial results on training students to acquire and use form schema in processing relatively unfamiliar descriptive prose are presented. Thirty-two college students were…

The relationship between women's perceptions of rape controllability and their fear, worry, concern, and perceived risk associated with rape is examined from in-person interviews with women (N=58) in Chicago, San Francisco, and Philadelphia. Women's response to descriptions of the "typical rape" were used to divide them into those with high rape…

Civil liberties are rights enjoyed by individuals guaranteeing them protection from the arbitrary or discriminatory acts of government. Kohlberg's cognitive-developmental theory of moral reasoning and studies of behavioral/abstract attitudinal measures provide a rationale for examining moral reasoning processes, intelligence, and selected…

Three studies examined the nature of individual differences and the role of advance information in reading comprehension. The subjects, 116 college students, read short passages--in some cases preceded by a given type of advance organizer--recalled the information therein, and finally sorted ideas from the passage into groups of similar ideas.…

For the nation as a whole, there is a moving bandwagon of educational change, clearly hitched to attempts to personalize and individualize instruction. The new emphases on the quality of learning appears to offer some potential solutions to two current problems: the twin problems of quality and equality in education. Traditional group-oriented…