A study assessed the effectiveness of three cognitive levels of instruction with first graders--three-dimensional (3-D) instruction using real objects, two-dimensional (2-D) instruction using picture representations, and verbal instruction. The study population included 18 first-grade students between the ages of 6 and 8 at a small elementary city…

An interactive videodisk (IVD) program was developed to reinforce learning of the biological concept of protein synthesis for high school students. The laser videodisc "The Living Textbook Life Science" was the source of frames, and the authoring system of G. Smith was used to create the disc. The interactive program was designed to make…

This report summarizes the educational technology research conducted from 1990 through 1994. It is based on 133 research reviews and reports on original research projects from both published and unpublished sources. This research varied in methodology: some studies used a technique for synthesizing and analyzing data from many different studies;…

The study described here investigated the refusal strategies of intermediate-level second language learners and the potential for developing sociolinguistic competence in nonnative speakers (NNS) through classroom instruction. Subjects were six college students of English as a Second Language, divided into treatment and control groups. The…

A discussion of the education of bilingual children, in both mainstream instructional programs and bilingual or transitional programs, focuses on the manner in which the powerful teacher-student relationship affects student learning processes and the student's language capacity allows him to express his learning. In the first two chapters, the…

The report, from the General Accounting Office to the chairman of the Senate's committee on appropriations, responds to a request for review of Department of Defense (DOD) training of linguists engaged in intelligence-related activities. It summarizes its examination of: (1) the language and technical training provided to DOD linguistics; and (2)…

The Early Literacy Program in the Columbus, Ohio public schools provided early intervention to underachieving first- and second-grade pupils who appeared unlikely to read and write successfully without additional reading instruction. The program featured small group instruction for 40-45 minutes daily. During 1990-91, 65 teachers served 1477…

A 4-year program of naturalistic research on science teaching and learning was conducted in Australia. This program comprised a project entitled Teaching and Learning Science in Schools (TLSS), which ran from 1987-89, and a year of follow-up studies in which some of the major findings from the project were explored further. Participants included 5…

Three studies determined if the Summer Step reading program (a residential camping program implemented on the campus of Camp Baskervill Episcopal Outreach of Pawleys Island, South Carolina, using a personalized, contextualized reading approach) was effective, if children's self-esteem was enhanced by participation in the program, and if the…

A 12-week study concentrated on the improvement and development of literacy skills in the young child, aiming to encourage emergent reading ability, written language development, and oral expression. A process-centered classroom program was designed for 25 kindergarten students to become competent users of language. Students were exposed to a wide…

The paper examines an expert systems methodology for identifying and modeling the problem-situated expertise of the regular class teacher, with the objective of determining how regular class teachers who demonstate consistent success or expertise mediate instructional problems. The study, with six identified expert primary-level teachers, analyzed…

Minimal class participation by students with limited English proficiency (LEP), and LEP student failure to pass regular classroom tests were addressed through cooperative learning in a second grade science class. Classroom techniques used included strategies for using the scientific method of investigation, hands-on activities, experiments, music,…

Reasonable people disagree about how to introduce undergraduate students to the marvels and complexities of the biological sciences. With intrinsically varied subdisciplines within biology, exponentially growing bases of information, and new unifying theories rising regularly, introduction to the curriculum is a challenge. Some decide to focus…

The project was to design, produce, and field test interactive video materials to increase junior high school student interest in physics and chemistry. A curriculum development team consisting of junior high school physical science students and teachers and university educators produced a seven-part videotape series entitled "The…

Containing selections of the papers presented at the 1984 and 1985 annual meetings of the North Central Reading Association, this yearbook includes sections on research; reviews of research; professional issues; and program descriptions. Papers include: "Twenty-Five Years of Professional Progress" (James E. Walker); "A Study of Student Alienation…