The course in parsing English is essentially a survey and comparison of several of the principal systems used for understanding natural language. The basic procedure of parsing is described. The discussion of the principal systems is based on the idea that "meaning is procedures," that is, that the procedures of application give a parsed…

In the surface structure of Chinese nominal modifiers (quantifiers, determiners, adjectives, measure phrase, relative clause, etc.) may occur either before or after a modified noun. In most of the transformational studies of Chinese syntax (e.g. Cheng 1966; Hashimoto 1966; Mei 1972; Tai 1973; Teng 1974), it has been assumed that such NP's have the…

Differences between the English and Ukrainian verbal forms, meaning, and usage are studied in this booklet. While the author illustrates significant distinctions in basic forms, sentences, and in paragraph structure, he concludes that the most important differences between both systems are of a psychological nature. Examples are cited, often using…

This study presents the first descriptive analysis of the structure of Sa'i:di, the variety of Egyptian Arabic spoken by the inhabitants of the Nile Valley between Cairo and Aswan. It is hoped that this study, designed to describe the phonemics, morphemics, and syntax of Sa'i:di, will contribute to dialect studies of the varieties of Arabic spoken…

The material presented in this workbook, which is in preliminary form under revision, has been designed to introduce the basic aspects of the morphology and syntax of literary Arabic. It is intended to be used with and as a continuation of "The Phonology and Script of Literary Arabic," by the same authors. (See ED 012 912.) These two…

This paper is based on an investigation of an increasing tendency in modern German to use the second person singular imperative without the suffix "e." All major works on German grammar, including the standard reference books on the subject, require this suffix for all weak and most strong verbs. (Those verbs which change their stem vowel from "e"…

This self-study program for the high-school level contains lessons in the following subjects: Difficult Words to Spell; Sentences and Their Parts; Adjectives and Adverbs; Comparative Forms; Spelling ie and ei Words; Using Negatives Correctly; Using Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases; Spelling - ance and ence Words; Subject and Object Pronouns;…

Responds to criticism of an earlier (1984) paper in which it was argued that the complements of Welsh control and raising verbs should be analyzed as verb phrases (VPs) and not as clauses with empty subjects. The l984 position is defended against the traditional analysis in the three critiqued areas.

Anecdotal evidence tells us that certain L2 linguistic features are more difficult to learn than others. For post critical period English-as-a-foreign-language Japanese learners, English articles ([zero or null], "some," "a(n)," and "the") are notoriously difficult grammatical features. After providing the reasons why…

The research described in this paper was undertaken to determine student-teachers' understanding of infinity in a geometrical context. The methods of analysis of students' responses is presented and these were found to be universally applicable. The findings show that school mathematics does not generally develop the students' ideas of infinity…

This article attempts to offer insights on how to facilitate student-student interaction in the science classroom. These insights derive from two sources, one from the education literature and the other from the linguistics literature. From the pedagogic sciences, cooperative learning offers a means of understanding what helps groups of students…

This textbook offers coursework in English composition and grammar. The first part concerns the sentence as a whole. The second deals with predicates and subjects, makes clear the nature of connectives and modifiers, explains the difference between phrases and clauses, and treats of several other of the more common matters of English syntax.…

Based on a paper presented at the TESOL Convention, March 1970, San Francisco, California. (DS)

Three- and four-year-old children were tested in their comprehension of locative prepositions. Results showed that those prepositions characterized as positive were comprehended less well than their ostensibly negative counterparts, contrary to theoretical predictions. An explanatory hypothesis concerning children's developing spatial…

Discusses the Puerto Rican dialect and its peculiar placement of subject pronouns. Notes the linguistic variety in the dialect as well as its use of verbs connotating mental and communicative activity and constructions of relativity. These distinctions give rise to the functional hypothesis to account for the peculiarities of Spanish in the…