The feasibility of evaluating the performance of student teachers by observing the academic achievement of pupils was explored. The following questions were posed: Do expectancies of learners held by student teachers influence pupil achievement on a single instructional unit when prior achievement of pupils is held constant? Does the amount of…

A DIAGNOSTIC KIT DESIGNED TO HELP CLASSROOM TEACHERS DIAGNOSE READING DIFFICULTIES MORE ADEQUATELY AND MOTIVATE PUPILS MORE EFFECTIVELY IS PRESENTED. SUGGESTIONS ARE APPLICABLE TO LOWER PRIMARY CHILDREN. DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES ARE OUTLINED FOR SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE OBSERVATION OF LANGUAGE ABILITY, VISUAL PERCEPTION SKILLS, AUDITORY…

Primarily a composite of observations and comments made by the 42 participants in a National Defense Education Act Institute for Undergraduates Preparing To Teach German, this article records the information gleaned from the detailed minutes on the events that took place in the four meetings of a demonstration class devoted to the problem of…

A series of single day visits to selected elementary and secondary schools in Illinois, Nevada, California, Florida, and Massachusetts was made by a visitation team of teachers, administrators and architects from the Monroe (Michigan) School District. This document reports the visitation team's impressions of developing educational systems,…

The research described is based on videotapes of 40 toddlers interacting with peers during 10 small playgroup sessions spaced throughout the children's second year of life. The paper outlines the development of an observational system for studying the development of peer relations in toddlers, considers the behavioral forms which characterize peer…

This report describes the naturally occurring variations in time allocated to reading instruction in eight grade-five classes selected as part of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. Students completed a set of reading tests in early and late fall and teachers maintained records of instructional time allocated, setting, and content covered.…

This report describes a field study of the relationship between instructional time and student achievement in nine grade-two classrooms. Amounts of time allocated to reading and to instructional settings are described for a 40-day instructional period. Student "engaged time" was also measured for a 10-day period. Relationships between…

This study was designed to investigate male and female interest in babies at middle childhood and adolescence. A total of 64 middle class subjects (half 8- to 9-years-olds, half 14- to 15-year-olds) were observed individually in a 6-minute waiting room situation with an unfamiliar 6- to 10-month-old baby and mother (confederate). While the subject…

A responsive educational evaluation is oriented more to program activities than to program intents, and stresses learning about the needs of the evaluation's audience, so that these value perspectives can be noted in reporting the successes and failures of the program. Most evaluation plans are more preordinate, emphasizing: (1) statements of…

The training manual provides self-instructional materials for the Oral Reading Observation System (OROS) designed to teach accurate coding of teacher/pupil verbal interactions during oral reading instruction. The nine sections focus on specific aspects of the OROS system, include self-evaluation exercises, and have the following titles: (1)…

This study charts the development of social interchange patterns (reciprocity) between familiar peers and adults from written and videotaped observations of 72 children at ages 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, and 42 months. Two additional groups of eight children were observed over a 12-month interval in a parallel longitudinal design. Measures included…

A study involving 16 preschool students was conducted to determine whether severely handicapped preschool children could learn normal classroom behavior through the single treatment variable of exposure to the regular classroom environment with normal peers. Systematic observation of the children's free play and verbal interaction, independence in…

This study reports an attempt to measure implementation of Head Start Planned Variation, a national experiment designed to compare the relative effectiveness of 12 education models. The report first gives the background of the experiment, describes the problem of attempting to assess effectiveness without first measuring implementation, and…

Model identification of time-series data is essential to valid statistical tests of intervention effects. Model identification is, at best, inexact in the social and behavioral sciences where one is often confronted with small numbers of observations. These problems are discussed, and the results of independent identifications of 130 social and…

This paper reports the development of an instrument for monitoring teaching strategies in the teaching of mathematics. The main purpose of research into this area was to determine the aspects of mathematics teaching which result in differential learning within a class. A second purpose was the development of a theoretical model for the teaching…