There are positive feedback loops between students' grades and emotions. However, subjective appraisals, not grades, are theorized to trigger emotions. We extended previous research by comparing the effects of objective score and subjective appraisals of the score (i.e., satisfaction) on emotions. We used an ecologically-valid quasi-experimental…

The social information processing (SIP) model, which involves a sequence of six cognitive processing steps, is frequently used by researchers to understand proactive and reactive aggression in youth; however, there has been little discussion in the literature regarding the application of the SIP model in school counseling. This article presents a…

Course evaluations can be an effective tool for students to appraise a course and instructor; however, they can also be a communicative space for students to write comments instructors perceive as hurtful, need to make sense of and reconcile with their instructional practice. Instructors turn to others to help make sense of and cope with comments.…

Item response tree (IRTree) models are recently introduced as an approach to modeling response data from Likert-type rating scales. IRTree models are particularly useful to capture a variety of individuals' behaviors involving in item responding. This study employed IRTree models to investigate response styles, which are individuals' tendencies to…

There to date exists limited research on how emotion regulation shapes students' emotional experiences and academic development in higher education. The purpose of this study was to address this gap by examining how students in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) degree programs (N = 174) use emotion regulation strategies related to…

This research examined the effect of learning analytics (LA) on students' metacognitive awareness and academic achievement in an online learning environment. In this study, a mixed methods approach was used and applied as a quasi-experimental design. The results of LA were sent to students weekly in LA group (experimental group) via learning…

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate infants' listening preference for emotional prosodies in spoken words and identify their acoustic correlates. Method: Forty-six 3- to-12-month-old infants (M[subscript age] = 7.6 months) completed a central fixation (or look-to-listen) paradigm in which four emotional prosodies (happy, sad, angry,…

Peer assessment has been recognised as a sustainable and scalable assessment method that promotes higher-order learning and provides students with fast and detailed feedback on their work. Despite these benefits, some common concerns and criticisms are associated with the use of peer assessments (eg, scarcity of high-quality feedback from peer…

Peer feedback benefits students' learning at the university level. However, how it makes an impact on students' learning and which defining factors in its design wield more significant influence are aspects that continue to require further analysis. This study is dedicated precisely to analyse how different feedback conditions impact students'…

The present study investigated whether Japanese 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children exhibit a yes bias to questions from a physically present humanoid robot, Nao. The robot asked the children yes-no questions about familiar and unfamiliar objects. To both types of questions, the 3-year-old children exhibited a yes bias while the 5-year-old children…

This article discusses visual techniques for detecting test items that would be optimal to be selected to the final compilation on the one hand and, on the other hand, to out-select those items that would lower the quality of the compilation. Some classic visual tools are discussed, first, in a practical manner in diagnosing the logical,…

Researchers frequently use Mokken scale analysis (MSA), which is a nonparametric approach to item response theory, when they have relatively small samples of examinees. Researchers have provided some guidance regarding the minimum sample size for applications of MSA under various conditions. However, these studies have not focused on item-level…

Classroom response systems (i.e., clickers) have become increasingly popular to facilitate student learning. Unfortunately, the common practice of pausing a lecture to ask questions takes up precious time to cover content. Asking questions "on the fly" without pausing is a possible solution. But can students both attend to lecture and…

The present study sought to investigate the implications of emotion regulation strategies for academic achievement in adolescence. First, the relationship between various facets of emotion regulation strategies and self-efficacy beliefs was investigated. Second, emotion regulation strategies were scrutinized in relation to academic achievement.…

The appeal of a shorter testing time makes a computer adaptive testing approach highly desirable for use in multiple assessment and learning contexts. However, for those who have been tasked with designing, configuring, and deploying adaptive tests for operational use at scale, preparing an adaptive test is anything but simple. The process often…