A study investigated time factors in two-person telephone conversations, in which visual clues were absent. The lengths and occurrences of vocalizations, pauses, turns, switching pauses, and simultaneous speech were measured with the aid of a computer program. The timing patterns of three conversation types were compared: two Finns speaking in…

Recent research indicates that fourteen linguistic and paralinguistic patterns--thought to measure uncertainty, vagueness, dependence, and negative affect--discriminate between men's truth telling and deceptive language behavior. This study sought to determine if these same patterns also discriminate between women's truth telling and deceptive…

In order to ascertain the effect of different demands on cognitive processes as reflected in speech rate, pause and hesitation phenomena, 90 young men, 45 native speakers of English (U.S.A.) and 45 native speakers of Spanish (Mexico), were asked to retell a story presented in one of three ways: (1) film plus narration; (2) film only; (3) narration…

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the television production components and to suggest the research hypotheses and designs that will yield a more systematic exploration of the importance of the use of facial closeups in television interviews. The first part of the paper discusses three potential factors that may influence a viewer's judgment…

THE SIX PAPERS IN THIS VOLUME ARE THE RESULT OF THE 1962 CONFERENCE ON PARALINGUISTICS AND KINESICS, ORGANIZED BY THOMAS A. SEBEOK AND SPONSORED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF INDIANA RESEARCH CENTER IN ANTHROPOLOGY, FOLKLORE, AND LINGUISTICS. THE PURPOSE OF THE CONFERENCE WAS TO EXPLORE THE INTERACTIONAL AND COMMUNICATIONAL CONTEXT OF THE HUMAN USE OF…

Intonation refers to the rise and fall of the pitch contour within a given tone group as distinguished from paralinguistic vocal features which refer to aspects like placement of contour in the pitch range of an individual, pitch span, loudness/softness, and features of voice quality. Intonation and paralinguistic vocal features perform at least…

This inter-disciplinary approach to the subject of non-verbal communication includes essays by linguists, zoologists, psychologists, anthropologists and a drama critic. It begins with a theoretical analysis of communicative processes written from the perspective of a communications engineer, compares vocal communication in animals and man, and…

Face-to-face communication makes up only a small proportion of an infant's diurnal transactions with his environment, but it is viewed as crucial to his total development. Research was conducted in which adult and infant behaviors were videotaped, and their interactions were analyzed. (Author/HP)

This paper discusses some expressive units of behavior which appear to have a widespread geographical distribution (in both morphology and significance); have a precocious ontogeny in infancy and childhood; and are used in appropriate social psychological settings even by congenitally blind, deaf-blind, and multiply handicapped youngsters.…

When vocalizations of three-month-olds (N=40), experiencing either conversational turn-taking or random responsiveness of an adult, were counted and categorized, results indicated that turn-taking caused changes in the quality of vocal sounds. When the adult maintained a give-and-take pattern, the infants produced a higher ratio of…

Although exophoric reference is crucial to appreciating the role of context in spoken language (both to the speaker in producing meaning and to the listener in determining meaning), analysis of eight beginning German textbooks revealed that only two provided all three types (directional, pronominal, and definite article) of such reference. (CB)

A regular continuing program of creative drama can provide children with many opportunities for growth in knowledge of language. (Author/JB)