The author discusses the half-dozen processes that have been central to promoting student development. These are assessment, goal-setting functions, instructional strategies, consultation activities, environmental management, and evaluation. Presented at the American College Personnel Association Convention, March 1977, Denver, Colorado. (Author)

Identifies four characteristics of a cognitive model of learning (short-term and long-term memory, use of cognitive strategies, and dual information processing), and examines this model's implications for educational broadcast television design. This review focuses on research studies with instructional implications for pacing, cueing, modeling,…

Presents consultant/staff model for training program redesign and discusses activities involved: interpretation of Instructional System Design (ISD) model concepts into plans in trainer's content area and sequenced sets of content-appropriate verbs for objectives; presenting training sessions on design issues; and holding individual conference…

This study of university students investigated effects of orienting objectives and instructional review on verbal information, concrete concept, and rule learning as determined by posttests measuring performance. Effectiveness of orienting objectives differed as a function of type of learning, but use of computer-controlled review was an effective…

Reports on a study of six fourth grade reading groups that were observed to see if vocabulary instruction was a priority, what kinds of vocabulary instruction occurred, and what shaped teaching decisions. (JC)

This discussion of distance education needs from the point of view of the adult student focuses on learner needs. It is suggested that these needs will be met through improvement in program design procedures, increased student support through advising and guidance, and greater cooperation between existing educational agencies. (LRW)

Describes algorithms and shows how they can be applied to the design of instructional systems by relating them to a standard information processing model. Two studies are briefly described which tested serial and parallel processing in learning and offered guidelines for designers. Future research needs are also discussed. (LRW)

Discusses actual costs for developing independent study print courses for use in learning centers or for distance delivery, and presents a resource allocation guideline based on figures from Grant MacEwan Community College (Alberta). Topics discussed include the course writer/developer, clerical support, copyright clearance, instructional design,…

Discusses the use of instructional systems design for setting instructional objectives in public schools. Goals for elementary and secondary schools are reviewed, the ways teachers use instructional materials and develop learning activities are described, and prospects on the national, state, and local levels are discussed. (24 references) (LRW)

Describes study that investigated the effects of well-designed computer-assisted instruction (CAI) versus poorly designed CAI on college students' computing behavior, quality of prewriting, and attitudes toward the instruction. Comparisons are made with paper versions of both CAI displays, and guidelines for CAI design are presented. (38…

Reviews current findings of empirical research on older adult learning, notes key differences in how older adults and young people learn, and suggests strategies that could be used to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of instruction designed for the elderly. (33 references) (Author/LRW)

Discusses ways in which some of the principles for producing effective written text can be applied to the production of instructional audiotapes. Two experiments with university students are described that tested re-recorded audiotapes to evaluate the effectiveness of adding text design principles, and further research needs are suggested. (45…

Discusses the nature of interactive video, its educational use, evidence for its effectiveness, and the design of interactive video courseware. Use by the military and industry is also described, studies comparing video with other instructional methods are reviewed, and areas for further study are suggested. Ninety-four references are provided.…

This review of cognitive development research in the area of computer-based reading instruction focuses on reinforcement and instructional objectives. Differences between extrinsic and intrinsic reinforcement and motivation are discussed, types of objectives and learner characteristics are described, and implications for instructional design are…

Describes development of the ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) model, a method for improving the motivational appeal of instructional materials. Strategies to identify and solve problems with learning motivation are explained, and two case studies are presented that tested the usefulness of the ARCS model in inservice teacher…