This paper describes the Virtual Training Program (VTP) at Fort Knox (Kentucky) which aims to provide the United States Army National Guard units with intensive, time-compressed training opportunities. The program consists of: (1) computer-generated exercises that compel units to perform actions associated with training objectives; (2) realistic…

Just as a classroom where teacher and students are physically present develops into a community over the course of a semester, classes taught via the Internet become virtual learning communities, communities unbounded by physical space. This paper describes a course on information design that was implemented entirely via the Internet, including…

As multimedia development software becomes easier to use and more powerful, instructional designers can establish ways of incorporating the Internet into their lessons. This paper introduces some questions that should be considered prior to stepping into that next level of instructional design. Specifically the paper addresses some of the…

Graduate students often have difficulty understanding the concepts behind the various models of instructional design (ID). In order to help students in an introductory ID course come to a better understanding of the similarities and differences between various instructional models, the models were developed into dynamic computer graphics to use…

Findings of a study that determined the ways in which practicing administrative course developers utilize instructional design activities in their design projects are presented in this paper. A survey was administered to 30 participants in a training and development group within a large organization and mailed to 43 other practicing instructional…

This hands-on guide shows readers how to use HyperCard software to create instructional programs on the Macintosh computer. The book describes how to choose subject matter, design a program, and determine the method of presentation, including the type of interaction and guiding metaphors that will be used. It explains how to make programs easy for…

This study explores the interpretation of two types of flow diagrams composed of different visual elements intended to communicate the same meaning. Using linear and cyclical diagrams, the study focused on whether, given a series of diagrams using linear elements and a series using cyclical elements, both types of visuals convey the same message…

Allowing, or encouraging, students to write fiction has not received much attention from college composition teachers, despite recent attempts to bridge the gaps between composition and the study of literature. Based on experiences with a number of students in a variety of writing courses, a college composition instructor questions assumptions…

This paper describes the Guided Approach to Instructional Design Advising (GAIDA), an automated instructional design tool that incorporates techniques of artificial intelligence. GAIDA was developed by the U.S. Air Force Armstrong Laboratory to facilitate the planning and production of interactive courseware and computer-based training materials.…

The relationship between instruction and instructional design is explored. The aim of instruction is to assist the individual as learner. The Learner, the Content, the Media, the Teacher Function, and the Context within which learning is to occur interact during a period of time to form an instructional episode (the CMT paradigm). Considering all…

This between-subjects experiment was designed to examine the impact of physical distance on affect and cognition in a distance education situation. Participants were 48 undergraduate students enrolled in communications classes. All subjects were exposed to identical instructional material, but half of the students were told that the material was…

Expanding on the World Wide Web levels of use as defined on the "Courses on the Web" Web site at Oregon State University, this paper presents a structure which emphasizes K-12 assignments based on Web use while de-emphasizing the glitz of the Web. The educator purposefully designs a Web-based assignment which adheres to the unit…

As the University of Arizona implemented its curriculum reform initiative, faculty became much more planful about their teaching, but also much more demanding of credible advice about instruction. Faculty make sometimes paradoxical demands in these circumstances: demands for tools that make it easy to do new things, and demands that these tools be…

Instructional Design Expert (ID Expert) is a prototype instructional design expert system which supports the instructional design phase of instructional system development. Phase 2 of ID Expert was implemented using S.1 expert system language on the VAX computer. The user interface was text-based, consisting of a question/answer dialogue primarily…

Exceptionally gifted children need special education because their needs are not fully met by standard educational programs. In standard programs, exceptionally gifted children waste time in acquiring basic knowledge that should be spent on more specialized knowledge, and can easily get bored and frustrated. Entry into primary school should take…