The potential for feelings of hopelessness and depression in the aged is well documented. Although studies have examined the role of perceived control in ameliorating depression in the institutionalized elderly, no research has actually measured the perceived causal attributions among depressed, hopeless and/or institutionalized elderly…

Subjects were 61 males and females who observed one of four combinations of male and female model performance on an anagram task: (1) male success-female success, (2) male success-female failure, (3) male failure-female success, and (4) male failure-female failure. Subjects' expectations of their own future success and amount of ability relating…

In this study, a subset of the adult functional reading items from the National Reading Survey was administered to a group of approximately 80 adults, together with a set of materials designed to assess decoding skills. The purpose of the study was to determine whether or not the inability to answer the adult reading tasks correctly is…

This paper is presented by the Educational Leadership Council of America, a group that shares a desire to promote personalized environments in which successful experiences are possible for all. In this publication, the authors present a review of the literature related to the effects of success upon personal development. The Council believes that…

Purpose was to identify some outstanding problem areas related to poor academic performance of students in lower-level college courses, specifically attitudes, work habits, and academic deficiencies that contribute to poor performance, as perceived by faculty members. The 10 most prominent characteristics that contribute to poor performance are…

Describes a school-based program that attempts to intervene in the failure syndrome of pregnant adolescents, which is reflected in the areas of education, health, self concept, and parenting. (PB)

This paper provides an analysis of alternative schools that may help understand their problems and kindle future interest, together with guidelines as to how these schools might be more effectively organized. Two case studies are provided to illustrate the importance of authority patterns in these schools. (AM)

Research on the retention or promotion of failing students has been unable to demonstrate the superiority of either method, concludes the author of this review. Furthermore, research shows that neither method by itself solves the educational problems of low-achieving students, since both retained and promoted students continue to achieve at levels…

This study applied a path model, developed from factors associated with instructional development success in the United States, to a similar instructional development environment in Australia. These factors included institutional commitment, faculty rewards, instructional design staff expertise, campus audiovisual production services, program…

The series of studies discussed here was designed to provide an extensive investigation into the hypothesis that reading disabilities and deficits in selective attention are related. Three studies were carried out on three different groups of children from first grade through sixth grade, and five different tasks were employed. Subjects were…

This report describes the efforts of the California State Department of Education in response to a 1975-76 evaluation report which indicated that in some schools, third grade reading scores were declining--specifically in schools whose entering students averaged below the twentieth percentile on the 1973-74 Entry Level Test (ELT) after three years…

Recent reports on the relationship between nutritional deficiencies and reading disabilities include the following findings: many children are undernourished but not underfed; undernutrition may decrease learning time, interfere with learning at critical periods of development, and lead to motivational and personality changes; inadequate diet…

THE BASIC PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE WHAT SCHOOL EXPERIENCES ARE LINKED TO REPEATED DELINQUENCY AMONG BOYS WHOSE MENTAL TEST SCORES PLACED THEM IN THE LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION. A SECOND OBJECTIVE WAS TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT TO WHICH SCHOOL ACCOMPLISHMENT OPERATES AS A PREDICTOR OF RECIDIVISM AMONG BOYS OF BELOW-AVERAGE…

GRADE REPETITION, PARTICULARLY IN THE EARLY GRADES, NOT ONLY FAILS TO HELP THE MAJORITY OF PUPILS ACADEMICALLY, BUT IN MANY CASES, CREATES ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS. FACTORS INVOLVED IN A STUDENT'S FAILURE VARY FROM SCHOOL TO SCHOOL. THE MAJOR PROBLEMS OF GRADE REPETITION ARE THAT THE STUDENT IS OLDER AND LARGER THAN HIS CLASSMATES, AND THAT HIS…