A "COURSE DROPOUT" IS A STUDENT WHO DROPS HIS STUDY OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AFTER 2 YEARS IN HIGH SCHOOL. HE FULFILLS HIS MINIMUM FOREIGN LANGUAGE REQUIREMENT FOR COLLEGE ENTRANCE, BUT DOES NOT HAVE A SUFFICIENT MASTERY TO BE EFFECTIVE IN THE LANGUAGE ARTS. THE TREMENDOUS ATTRITION RATE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDENTS HAS MANY…

In two experiments, visual and auditory memory were tested for good and for poor readers from the upper elementary grades. Under experimenter-blind conditions, no reading group differences existed for single-mode presentation in recognition frequency or recognition latency. With a multimodal presentation, latencies for poor readers were similar to…

The author argues that reading instruction could be dramatically improved by making it an integral part of the total curriculum, rather than a subject taught in isolation from the content areas. After reviewing data on reading failure and illiteracy, particular causes of poor reading instruction are discussed. Adequate instruction will come only…

Six separate experiments were undertaken to test the hypothesis that poor readers in first, second, and third grade would have more difficulty with simple perceptual discriminations than would good readers in the same grades. Various tasks were used in the experiments, including discrimination of line orientations, checking letters in three-letter…

The relationship between students' sex and persistence in higher education is examined. Sex-typical experiences as an operationalization of sex are used in addition to the traditional label assigned at birth. This conceptualization reveals a complexity in the relationship that is hidden when sex is defined traditionally. (Author)

Discusses what feminists have been trying to accomplish through the many womens programs that have sprouted, flourished, and sometimes faded in recent years and focuses on Women in Transition, Inc., a program that failed. (Author/AM)

The author attempts to determine whether or not dispositional variables involving feelings and attitudes concerning others are related to altruistic behavior and, if so, to examine their relationship to positive and negative affective arousal. (Author/RK)

No difference was found in recall of nonverbal stimuli between normal and learning disabled readers, suggesting that primary reading deficits in learning disabled children are related to verbal encoding deficiencies (visual-verbal integration) and not to deficiencies of visual memory, as suggested by the perceptual deficit hypothesis. (Author/GDC)

Concludes that as black unemployment rates stay well above the national average, black power's potential for precipitating change has diminished because its internal weaknesses have enabled it to be transformed into reinforcement for conventional American political and economic ideology. (Author/AM)

After presenting the attributional model, this paper reviews research on individual differences in beliefs about causes of success and failure. Studies illustrating differential performance on achievement-related tasks by individuals who differ in their attributions are reviewed. Causal perceptions of success and failure should be considered, in…

Two studies found temporal persistence and resistance to extinction to be positively related to the attribution of failure to insufficient effort, and negatively related to ability and task difficulty in sixth graders. Results provided support for the attribution model of achievement motivation as well as empirical foundation for attribution…

Contrary to prediction, failure feedback increased the performance of all fifth graders involved in this study, whether they had scored high or low on a locus of control measure. (Ed./JD)

Shows that the reaction to success and failure differs when it is communicated publicly or privately and when the reaction to success is measured publicly or privately. Participants took an intelligence test and received results which were positively or negatively discrepant from the average. These results are interpreted in terms of a…

This paper examines survey research methods and their shortcomings in respect to polling urbanized black populations. It suggests alternative strategies and implications for survey data from a variety of settings. (Author/AM)