This paper concentrates on the areas of methodological and theoretical criticisms of research, an explanation of the motive within the expectancy-value theory of motivation and supporting research, and suggestions for further research. (Author/MLF)

The physical growth of 46 school-aged twins with academic difficulties was examined and compared with that of matched controls. (Author/DLS)

Describes problems in layout, photographs, and copy that are frequently found on yearbook staff pages. (GW)

Seventy-eight 8- and 9-year-old subjects were randomly assigned to success, failure, and control conditions involving a test of intellectual ability. Subsequently, they were exposed to a resistance to temptation test involving play with a forbidden toy and measures of latency were taken. (JMB)

Examines the characteristics of students showing signs of deficiency in their reading performance at 16+. Reports on a research study which concludes that reading failure at 16+ is related to the incidence of two or more adverse characteristics. Identifies and investigates some of these characteristics. (RKM)

A study of 27 promising programs reveals 8 common reasons that educational innovations fail, including disenchanted practitioners; departure of innovation supporters; lack of personnel training; disappearing funding; inadequate supervision; and lack of accountability, administrative support, and termination consequences. Innovations succeed by…

Unemployed job seekers indicated resources they were using in their job search. Ninety days later, job seekers (N=178) who had found employment did not report using significantly more resources in their job search activities than did unsuccessful job seekers (N=636). Primary difference between successful and unsuccessful job seekers seemed to be…

American culture attributes success and failure to four factors (native ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck) existing on three continuums (locus, stability, and controllability). This article applies attribution theory to students' beliefs concerning their present and future academic performance and explores implications for both students…

Surveys of the growth of rural Philippine infants indicate that monthly gain slows down at three months with stunting evident in the second year despite common breastfeeding for one year. A program that reinforced the use of local food as supplementary nourishment and encouraged family planning led to improved growth. (DB)

Two experiments show that performance impairment after failure can occur in different ways, depending on the goals, values, self-perception, sex, presence of an observer, and other attributional tendencies of the individual responding to that failure. (JAZ)

The dropout problem is growing at an alarming rate. In California educational clinics are being experimentally developed for use with dropout students. Describes the educational clinic planned for Grant Joint Union High School District. (MD)

Chicana and Anglo female subjects responded to verbal descriptions in which an Anglo, Black, or Chicana female experienced either occupational success or failure. Significant variations were found in attributions for occupational outcome as a function of ethnic background of both the subject and the succeeding or failing actor. (Author/GC)

Presents 10 case studies to examine success of Chicano farmers in cooperatives. Identifies keys to success: members' independence aspirations, production of labor-intensive crops, and support network within the cooperative. Discusses external/internal factors influencing success: high attrition rates and "free riders," social cohesion,…

In an interview focused on his book "On Learning to Read: The Child's Fascination with Meaning," Bruno Bettelheim explains why he thinks reading primers are insulting and demeaning. He asserts that the absence of content in the primers teach children to dislike reading. (ML)

Reviews studies which examine spontaneous attributional activity. The paradigms include the coding of written material, recording of thoughts during or after task completion, and indirect inferences of attributional activity exhibited in other cognitive processes. Finds unequivocal documentation of attributional activity and the conditions that…