Purpose: This longitudinal study investigated the impact of different academic programs of primary language instruction (Spanish or English) on the dual language development of Spanish--English bilingual children. Types of academic settings offered to bilingual students as well as differing views and outcomes based on language of instruction are…

This study investigated the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality (VR) intervention with integrated Electroencephalography (EEG) biofeedback (VR-EEG) in enhancing English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learner proficiency compared to a traditional classroom setting. Learners (N = 60) were randomly assigned to either the VR-EEG group or the traditional…

Gender disparities in literacy and numeracy continue to challenge equitable education, especially in linguistically diverse and indigenous communities. In East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, the integration of mother tongue-based instructional models offers a promising approach to address these inequities. While the benefits of mother tongue education…

This study aimed to compare the impact of e-portfolios on the motivation and autonomy of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Ninety intermediate learners were selected from 120 volunteers at a Tehran Language Institute. They were divided into three groups: two experimental groups using eportfolios and the other using paper-based…

Despite the growing interest in game-based learning (GBL) over the last two decades, the influence of Augmented Reality-based GBL on English vocabulary growth is still not well understood when compared with other forms of media, especially with regard to academic English vocabulary. This quasi-experimental study with 90 Chinese…

In exam-oriented English as a Foreign Language (EFL) foundation program, achieving a balance between high-stakes testing and skill-based learning remains a challenge. This study examines the limited efficacy of timed reading activities (TRAs) in contexts where students prioritize test preparation over fluency-building practices. In line with the…

Speakers may resort to different inferences and expectations in intercultural encounters. These expectations are influenced by speakers' socialization processes in speech communities and networks, as well as by the local interactional demands and power dynamics in the communicative situation. While interactional sociolinguistic studies have…

This research explores the integration of critical pedagogy in adult English Language Teaching (ELT) settings through a scoping literature review. The purpose is to map existing studies, identify gaps, and provide an overview of critical pedagogy practices in adult ELT settings. The current paper attempts to answer two research questions. (1) What…

This study explores how connecting reading and writing through a process-genre approach enhances EFL learners' academic writing competence. Based on quantitative and qualitative data, the study demonstrates that students made statistically significant improvements across seven writing traits, with the most substantial gains observed in discourse…

This study investigates the impact of a seven-week extensive reading (ER) program integrated with a blended learning modality (face-to-face and online) on tertiary-level English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. In a mixed-methods research design, it investigated whether the systematic blended ER program affected learners' reading attitudes…

Many studies have reported language problems faced by international students in cross-cultural study-abroad settings. The present study investigated Chinese international students' linguistic insecurity during their study-abroad in Australia, and the strategies that they deployed to manage this. Based on interviews with ten students from two…

Background Study: With the rapid transition to remote learning necessitated by the closure of traditional educational infrastructures globally, the arena of informal digital learning of English (IDLE) has received much attention, particularly among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in China. Objective: This study explores how…

This phenomenological study sought to understand the lived experiences of socially disadvantaged students from the Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, who faced digital inequality during emergency remote education amid the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as their challenges vis-à-vis the transition to in-person classes in 2022. Using a hermeneutic…

This book brings together research on second language pragmatics in the underexplored context of EFL primary classrooms. Presenting studies from Croatia, Cyprus, Germany, Norway, Spain and the Netherlands, the book offers a rich exploration of different topics, such as learners' pragmatic performance, awareness and development, learners' and…

Vocabulary assessment is an important part of measuring language proficiency in both monolingual and bilingual children. The LITMUS Cross-Linguistic Lexical Tasks (CLT) provides a framework for assessing the vocabulary of monolingual and bilingual children using a standardized procedure and comparable stimuli across languages. All language…