This paper reports two studies of the effects of empathic instruction on first graders' evaluations of other people. In Experiment 1, 23 children received either empathic or non-empathic instructions, listened to a taped conversation in which the main character obtained either a positive or negative outcome, and then evaluated both the main…

THIS MANUAL DESCRIBES MEASURES USED IN "THE COGNITIVE ENVIRONMENTS OF URBAN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN" PROJECT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. THE SAMPLE FOR THE STUDY CONSISTED OF 163 NEGRO MOTHER-CHILD PAIRS SELECTED FROM 3 SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSES BASED ON THE FATHER'S OCCUPATION AND THE PARENTS' EDUCATION. A FOURTH GROUP INCLUDED FATHER-ABSENT…

Sensitivity training is one type of experience-based learning in which participants work together in a small group over an extended period of time learning through analysis of their own experiences. The primary setting is the T Group (T for training) in which a staff member sets up an ambiguous situation which allows participants to choose the…

This report summarizes the development, dissemination, and current applications of the Basic Indexing and Retrieval System (BIRS). BIRS is a collection of Fortran IV computer programs designed to allow educational and psychological researchers to use their own locally based computer to construct and maintain the type of information retrieval…

This research is concerned with human problem-solving behavior that involves inductive reasoning or concept formation when that behavior is being assisted by certain computer and display aids (called symbol manipulation functions). Human subjects use a variety of systematic operations when they are solving such problems. In order to analyze…

Methods are described for constructing Resolution IV Screening designs that are robust to linear, quadratic, and cubic trend effects and will also keep the number of factor-level changes for some variables at a minimum. Complete designs, capable of screening up to 32 variables, are provided along with appropriate methods of analysis. Numerous…

To investigate the attributional processes mediating between outcome and expectancies and persistence, children's expectancies, attributions and response latency were measured. Children, equally divided into three age groups (three-five, six-eight, nine-twelve) were shown figures to match and were provided with experimentally controlled feedback…

This paper reports an investigation of the effects of two plans on children's listener behavior in a referential communication setting. The design systematically varied the presence and absence of instructions about a plan to engage in comparison activities (comparison plan), and instructions about a plan to request more information if the…

Rhetorical activity is fundamental to the process of psychotherapy. This paper discusses a study of the consistent use of rhetorical strategies in distinctly different forms of psychotherapy as an initial step in analyzing the effectiveness or failure of therapeutic situations. The data for this two-part study consisted of eleven hours of…

This study examines sex differences in adolescent perceptions and functioning. Subjects were public school students who voluntarily filled out a questionnaire during class time. The information sought was: (1) whether the sources and reported intensity of stress in the day-to-day lives of male and female adolescents are different; (2) whether male…

This report describes the experimental studies conducted to examine the role of mental structures in four different areas of research. The first area involves the structural analysis of isolable subsystems involved in visual and auditory pattern recognition. The second area involves the study of the encoding and retrieval of emotional or…

This document is a condensation of the report of the Research Task Force of the National Institute of Mental Health. (The comprehensive and detailed report, totaling over 400 pages, is for sale by the Superintendent of Documents.) The purpose of the Task Force was to conduct a comprehensive review and analysis of the institute's scientific…

This is the participant's book for a teacher training program in behavior analysis, called Classroom and Instructional Management, and developed by the Central Midwestern Regional Educational Laboratory. Unit 1 introduces the field of behavior analysis. It contains examples of behaviors and provides solutions for changing the behavior. Unit 2…

Systematic procedures in the observation, description, and assessment of the rehabilitation client's work behavior and potential in workshops and other sheltered work programs are offered, to provide supervisors with training in observation. The color-coded manual defines 12 basic areas of work behavior crucial for work functioning, which can be…

Emphasis is placed on the experimental analysis of behavior in this spelling program of computer-assisted instruction (CAI). The spelling program is of special interest because it is based on a good behavioral analysis of the nature of the spelling task, and it offers a chance to review computer instrumentation. Results of the review indicates the…