Around one-third of pupils in British schools take no part in extra-curricular activities. This article looks at the adequacy of extra-curricular provision from the pupil's viewpoint. (Author/MB)

Investigated whether assertive and nonassertive individuals differ in defense mechanisms they most typically rely on when confronted with interpersonal stress and conflict. Results indicated assertive males and females both endorsed the most adaptive defense mechanism cluster, whereas nonassertive males and females endorsed more primitive defense…

Persons representing the extremes of intelligence cannot be included in the same study unless they are approximately equated on mental age, in which case the relative performances of the extreme groups can provide useful information about the nature of intelligence. (Author/RD)

Analyzes the positive and negative features of mastery learning and its place in competency-based education. (Author/WD)

The effects of social reinforcement on two motor tasks by 40 retarded adolescents with high (8.09 yr.) and low (5.45 yr.) mental ages was investigated. Social reinforcement influenced persistence but not speed of performance. The effectiveness of praise on retarded subjects' performances varies with the type of motor task used. (Author/RD)

Three studies of college students found a sex difference in the correlation of memory scanning rate, short- and long-term components of free recall, and word recognition with memory span. Findings are discussed in terms of prior work and a theory presented to account for the obtained sex differences. (Author/RD)

Indices of scatter on the WISC-R and McCarthy Scales were examined for 20 educable mentally retarded and 20 learning disabled children in relation to 20 matched controls and to standardization samples. Exceptional children exhibited more subtest scatter and variability than the standardization sample but not more than the control group. (Author/RD)

Milkman (TM 504 643) accuses Arthur Jensen of misapplying heritability data in speculating on the causes of racial differences in intelligence test scores, and offers a method for illuminating Jensen's alleged error. It is contended in this article that Milkman has misconstrued Jensen's argument and that his method is without point. (Author/CTM)

Compares a group of 32 toddlers with employed mothers with a matched group of 38 toddlers with nonemployed mothers in order to examine the effect of maternal employment on the development of the child. While no differences were found between the two groups in language development and emotional adjustment, children of employed mothers were more…

Very close age spacing was an obstacle to high academic performance for later borns. In family relations and self-esteem, first borns scored better and performed in school as well as their potentially much more able younger siblings, regardless of age spacing. (Author)

This article reviews sex studies of children of cousin marriages and three studies of children of incestuous matings. It is argued that these studies, taken as a whole, provide no substantial evidence for an inbreeding depression effect within the polygenic system commonly asserted to determine IQ. (Author/DB)

Performance differences between 10 nonretarded children and 10 moderately/severely retarded adolescents on a manual control task were examined. Results suggested that the ability to discriminate internal cues is related to IQ differences. (Author)

The literature reveals a marked decline in performance on the Visual Reproduction subtest with increasing age. Both level of education and intelligence seemed to exert a substantial influence on performance which may be significant in clinical evaluations. (Author)