Several definitions of career exploration are discussed in the article, and an interpretation is offered for the middle/junior high school level: student exploratory behaviors in regard to self and occupational concepts are best denoted by their inclusion of problem-solving or hypothesis testing. (Author/AJ)

Introduction: This paper examines the business external environment scanning theory for information in the context of Greece. Method. A questionnaire was developed to explore the relationships between general and task business environment, perceived uncertainty, scanning strategy, and sources of information with respect to type of environment,…

The effectiveness of learning paired associates from a computer-based drill strategy known as the progressive state drill was compared in this study with the effectiveness of having students use their own strategies with flashcards. Characteristics of the progressive state drill which make it a potentially effective drill and practice strategy for…

The hypothesis for this study assumed that subjects who received a diagram representing the structural relationships of a story would be more likely to solve a new and analogous problem than subjects who received two analogs without a diagram. The 151 graduate students who acted as subjects were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: one or…

This study investigated learners' preconceptions of interactive video (IV), instructional television (ITV), and television (TV), and compared three treatment groups on learners' perceptions of invested mental effort and achievement on a test of recall and inference. The three treatments consisted of an IV lesson that included practice questions…

The roles of training, problem representation, and individual differences on performance of both automated (simple) and controlled (complex) process tasks were studied. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) training and cognitive style affect the representation developed; (2) training and cognitive style affect the development and performance…

Two hypotheses, the cognitive capacity hypothesis and the selective attention hypothesis, try to account for the facilitation effects of prior knowledge activation. They appear to be mutually exclusive since they predict different recall patterns as a result of prior knowledge activation. This study was designed to determine whether the two…

This paper discusses distribution theory and power computations for four common "tests of combined significance." These tests are calculated using one-sided sample probabilities or p values from independent studies (or hypothesis tests), and provide an overall significance level for the series of results. Noncentral asymptotic sampling…

Latent trait models are presented that can be used for test design in the context of a theory about the variables that underlie task performance. Examples of methods for decomposing and testing hypotheses about the theoretical variables in task performance are given. The methods can be used to determine the processing components that are involved…

This study tested several hypotheses about the effects of the cognitive style of students on their ability to learn a subliminal task while viewing a non-related film. Subjects were 132 undergraduate students who were divided into three groups: field dependent, neutral, and field independent. The task to be taught subliminally was the assembly in…

Gagne proposed in his learning hierarchy model that a final task could not be performed by an individual who does not have the subordinate skills, and that any superordinate task involved in the hierarchy of skill building could be performed by an individual provided suitable instructions were given, and provided the relevant subordinate knowledge…

Some central issues in discussions of creative processes in science are: (1) the mechanism(s) by which hypothesis formation takes place; (2) the sources of new knowledge during hypothesis formation; and (3) the "Eureka" versus steady accumulation (accretion) issue concerning the pace of change during hypothesis formation. This paper…

This study examined the relative effectiveness of different media in presenting modeling stimuli to adult trainees in a supervisory skills training program and assessed their satisfaction with the training and their performance. Eighty undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions--audio only, text only, audio plus text,…

The selective learning hypothesis holds that individuals' learning of prose passages will be affected in varying ways by the passages' threatening or unpleasant content. To test this hypothesis, 19 college students read six prose passages--three containing threatening material and three nonthreatening--and then completed a cloze test for each…

TWO HYPOTHESES WERE TESTED--(1) NO SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP EXISTS BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF EXPECTATIONS FOR THE FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF THE SCHOOL BOARD ROLE AND THE LEVEL OF LOCAL FINANCIAL SUPPORT, AND (2) NO SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP EXISTS BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF EXPECTATIONS FOR SELECTED EXPENDITURES AND THE AMOUNT OF FUNDS ALLOCATED FOR THESE…