Longitudinal data from a study of child development in Guatemala City were used to describe the influence of socioeconomic status and sex on physical and cognitive growth status. The correlation between growth status variables was also analyzed. (Author/RH)

Compared kindergarten children (N=24) who were exposed to nontraditional vocational role models and curricular materials and a control group. Results showed the treatment group was slightly less traditional in their vocational role preferences at the end of the 10-week treatment. (WAS)

Describes five stages of children's understanding about energy, reflecting an interaction between what they learn at school and their outside knowledge. Suggests a new approach for teaching the second law of energy, comparing it with the more traditional approach. (DC)

Two statistical indices of distinctness (intensity) were developed to measure patterns of cognitive preference scores. Results indicated a variety of cognitive preferences, and the distinctness variable was shown to be a useful tool in cognitive preference research. (CJ)

A review of recent curricular research presents studies in the areas of: (1) psychological and epistemological foundations; (2) new developments (content of instruction, cognitive processing, and methodological re-direction); and (3) exemplary research programs on teacher behavior, pupils' prior conceptions in learning, and probelm solving. (CJ)

Examines distraction effects in terms of the information processing necessary to discriminate distractors from task-relevant information and with regard to a child's ability to meet those demands. Thirty kindergarteners, 30 second graders, and 27 fourth graders participated in the study. (Author/MP)

Instead of confirming John Dewey's ideas, Lawrence Kohlberg's writings on moral-cognitive development conflict with some of Dewey's principal concepts about moral development. Dewey's views of psychological growth, or development, and attainment of the good are contrasted with Kohlberg's findings. (PP)

Assessed the authenticity of conservation attainment through an observational learning paradigm. First grade children (N=60) were exposed to either a peer or adult model who was either present or absent during a series of tasks. No correlation was found between social influence and observational acquisition of conservation. (Author/JAC)

A brief description is presented of a curriculum offered in one school system that applies much of the available research on how children learn. Materials used, goals for instruction, concepts emphasized, and intellectual processes engaged in each of grades kindergarten through third are noted. (MP)

Administered six cognitive tasks to 115 men aged 50-93. Obtained two factors. The nonverbal performance factor was significantly predicted by age while the verbal factor was significantly predicted by education. The results suggest that verbal and nonverbal abilities may be determined by different antecedents. (Author)

A number of interacting factors are discussed which significantly influence the development and expression of adolescent sexuality, including: (1) biological development; (2) societal trends; (3) psychological aspects; (4) familial patterns; and (5) historical and political influences. Adolescent cognitive development and psychoanalytic theories…

Research conducted in several countries has shown consistent patterns of performance on "change,""combine," and "compare" word problems involving addition and subtraction. These findings are interpreted within a theoretical framework which emphasizes development of levels of word problem-solving ability related to…

Provides a general overview of the central issues involved in the study of children's attention to television. Concludes that three factors may have a significant impact on a child's pattern of attention: television stimulus attributes, the child's level of cognitive development, and the nature of the viewing environment. (PD)

Offers an instructional approach to increase students' ability to employ mathematical operations as a means of physical measurement. (Author/JN)

An interview/observation schedule (Home Environmental Process Inventory), which assesses dimensions of maternal behavior, was administered in the homes of 15 learning disabled children. Children's role taking and interpersonal problem solving skills were assessed. Some maternal behaviors were highly correlated with children's social cognitive…