Four kinds of understanding of mathematics are suggested: instrumental, relational, intuitive, and formal. Each type of understanding is described and illustrated. (MN)

Discusses the need for additional research pertaining to cognitive preferences in science. (SL)

Provides brief accounts of significant current innovation and research in Australia nad in Papua New Guinea. (Editor/RK)

The author develops a four-stage model for concept-internalization. The stages are: (1) concrete structure; (2) linguistic structure; (3) algorithm; and (4) mastery. The model is related to teaching methods and the teaching of long division is examined in detail. (SD)

Studied the relationship between the intense, high energy behavior of 62 preschool children and differences in cognitive style and related social behavior of the same children 5 years later. (GO)

Studied the relationship between mental age and progression toward Piaget's stages of concrete operations and formal operations in a sample of middle class children. Formal operations in preadolescence and adulthood are discussed in relation to IQ. (GO)

One type of conflict is controversy (disagreement), which is discussed as a teaching technique that can be used in the classroom. Five possible procedures are suggested for introducing it to students. For journal availability, see SO 504 878. (ND)

Concludes that children have a far broader range of intellectual interests than has generally been recognized. Bringing them into contact with fields of knowledge, methods of inquiry in these fields, and the processes of logical reasoning at a time when they have a natural receptivity which can have a fundamental impact on their intellectual…

To determine whether cognitive level rather than social class differences influence problem solving strategies, children from two SES levels were matched on cognitive abilities (preoperational, transitional and concrete operational) and administered a partial reinforcement task. (BD)

A thorough evaluation of the health education component of a school's curriculum involves surveying the knowledge levels, attitudes, and expectations of the students, the educators and administrators, and the parents. (MB)

Preschool children were required to act out a series of two-event sequences conjoined by either "before" or "after." Performance was markedly superior for meaningfully ordered sequences than for arbitrarily ordered sequences. It is suggested that the meanings of "before" and "after" must be acquired in situations which provide contextual support.…

In retelling 20 stories, 23 nursery-school children often refused to produce sentences in which causation was stated directly, but readily retold causation-implied utterances. Other results are discussed. (Author/RM)

The cognitive, linguistic, and academic skills of two groups of children were examined following an innovative bilingual education program. Results indicate that the Experimental children are similar to their English-speaking controls in terms of academic, linguistic and cognitive skills. They function well in French, although without native…

Taba objectives seek to modify teaching methods so that directive, teacher-dominated techniques, which encourage primarily the recall of cognitive information, are replaced by supportive instructional techniques, which encourage more complex levels of thinking such as drawing conclusions and inferences. (JD)