The present study was conducted to demonstrate the power of imagery instructional sets to improve the recall of units more complex than in the traditional paired associate (P-A) paradigm and to evaluate imagery as a memory organizer. Forty-eight sixth grade children were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions, defined by the…

This study assessed the value of teaching young children the relevant attributes of a concept and the conceptual rule by which the attributes are organized. It was hypothesized that only if children had prior knowledge of both components could they follow instructions designed to teach a new concept. It was further hypothesized that children who…

This interim report is part of a longitudinal study of developmental behavior designed to determine whether infants from culturally disadvantaged homes have different developmental patterns than infants from advantaged homes. Twenty six culturally disadvantaged infants were individually evaluated on the Bayley Scale of Infant Mental and Motor…

This paper examines recent research for differences on rate of conservation achievement between the subcultures: (1) rural vs. urban-suburban, (2) white vs. black, (3) subculture of poverty vs. middle class WASP, and (4) lower vs. middle socioeconomic status. The author concluded from his examination of research that: (1) among middle-class whites…

Consistent with definitions of theory as offered by Skinner and Bruner, and based on psychological and neurophysiological evidence for a cognitive hierarchy as propounded by eminent psychologists, the structure process theory has validity in constructing a model of reading instruction. The appropriateness of model construction arises from the…

This handbook for teachers contains language lessons for young children. Through sequencing and feedback, the program uses a direct method of teaching and learning standard English. It is an expository approach, in which progress is based on performance, rather than on the knowledge of rules. Each unit is organized so that language development and…

To determine the effects of instruction in general semantics on the critical thinking of secondary students, 104 tenth- and eleventh-grade students in control and experimental groups completed the "Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal" test before and after the 12-week teaching period, in which two teachers spent 1 hour per week in the…

The Perry Preschool Project, for educable mentally retarded 3- and 4-year-olds from disadvantaged homes is described. This program uses a cognitively oriented curriculum (based on Piagetian theory) designed to help the child construct the mental representations of himself and his environment that will lead to the development of logical modes of…

A preschool curriculum for lower class children was developed based on Piaget's theory. Evaluation procedures were developed to parallel a Piagetian curriculum. According to Piagetian theory, the mechanism of classification is the coordination of the intensive and extensive properties of a group of objects. The ability to dichotomously classify…

After a discussion of the problem of malnutrition and its effect on intellectual development, this paper concentrates on the study of protein-calorie malnutrition in infants and children as it occurs in postnatal and subsequent development. An overview and summary of the principal investigations on the relationship of malnutrition to intellectual…

In a longitudinal study of 89 black children from different social classes, while there were no significant SES differences on the Cattell Infant Intelligence Scale at 18 and 24 months of age, there was a highly significant 23 point Mean IQ difference between children from welfare and middle class black families on the Stanford-Binet at 3 years of…

The purposes of the study were (1) to develop a statement of philosophy for outdoor education and (2) to identify goals consistent with the statement of philosophy. Writings of educational leaders on the broad concept of outdoor education were analyzed to determine common elements, and a statement of philosophy was thus developed. A list of goals…

This is a followup study of second and third grade children who experienced differential treatment during their kindergarten year. A total of 72 disadvantaged black children comprised the sample which was divided into three groups. Group A received a special sequential Learning to Learn Program. Group B participated in a traditional kindergarten…

Eight children from each of five age groups, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 years, were administered matrix tasks involving two nominal dimensions, color and shape. Nine stimulus cells and six attribute cells made up the apparatus. The attribute cells consisted of three colors and three geometric shapes; the stimulus cells made up a matrix consisting of the…

Reported are 254 citations of documents related to evaluation, learning, and research methodology in science and mathematics education. The documents included represent research reviews, conference reports, research reports, position papers, textbooks, manuals, speeches, and other types. Citations are categorized in alphabetical order by author,…