The first part of this paper is a theoretical discussion which presents an argument for considering the concept of reciprocity to be a moral orientation. A general hypothesis is proposed which states that the salience of an individual's concept of reciprocity in a particular situation is related to the cooperative and moral behavior of the…

Parents differing along a concreteness-abstractness dimension of conceptual development, as defined by the model of Harvey, Hunt, and Schroder, described their attitudes and practices regarding their children's home play environment. This was done using structured questionnaires. Potential creativity of the 3- and 4-year-old children themselves…

Behavior therapists view psychopathology differently from dynamically oriented therapists, in that behaviorists are taught to regard symptoms primarily as sets of learned behaviors rather than cues to underlying psychological disorders. Even though there is a split among behaviorists as to which procedure is best to follow, there are some special…

The study deals with five research questions: (1) is the Taxonomy of Education Objectives: Affective and Cognitive Domains a reasonable tool for use in stating and measuring attainment of objectives? (2) is the cognitive domain cumulative in social science subject matter? (3) does ability to operate at the various cognitive levels differ with…

Proceeding on the assumption that humans learn behaviors by imitating the behavior of others, the author is concerned with the appropriate behavioral models needed in dealing with delinquent female adolescents in a group situation. Three potential models are discussed: (1) the group leader or leaders; (2) the group members; and (3) the invited…

The purpose of this epidemiological study of psychopathological disorders was to obtain prevalence data on 55 behavior symptoms as they occur in kindergarteners and first and second graders. The behavior symptoms are commonly found in child guidance clinic populations. The population rated in this study was the kindergarten and first and second…

This paper reviews some of the findings from two studies of the reactions of single college students and married couples who viewed one of two pornographic films. Findings from the first study included: (1) women were aroused as much as men upon viewing the film showing intercourse; they were less aroused and the men were more aroused after the…

This study investigated decision behavior exhibited by elementary school aged children in a laboratory decision task. An effort was made to separate 247 children into "auditory" and "visual" subjects on the basis of their performance on two immediate memory sub-tests from the revised (1968) ITPA. Since the correlation for the Visual test did not…

The results of many investigations have demonstrated that the systematic application of behavioral modification principles can be effective in bringing about behavior change in educational settings. However, most school-oriented practitioners do not have the time, facilities, or personnel to employ the necessary techniques. After a half day…

The present study compared the responses of Negro and white lower socio-economic ninth grade adolescents on belief in internal versus external control of reinforcement and delay of gratification under high and low status conditions. Negro students were significantly more likely to be external and to be less likely to delay gratification than were…

Concentrating on theory and practice on sensitivity training groups (T groups) in human relations training laboratories, this study investigates aspects of the process whereby participants are said to learn cooperatively about their group and about themselves as members. As evidenced by training "dilemmas" noted in the literature, relevant T group…

This investigation emerged out of the generally accepted propositions that understanding is a fundamental for building, or maintaining, positive human relationships and that meaningful interaction in any interpersonal relationship is dependent upon the communication of understanding. An instrument was developed containing a list of behaviors that…

These are the authors' personalized statements of how organizations function, how organizational excellence is to be judged, and how an organizational development effort can contribute to the achievement of such excellence. The book deals with the fundamentals of planned change as they apply to the corporation. It describes the principles and…

This study explores the efficacy of two methods of teaching students, modeling and concept formation, to express warranted uncertainty in classroom discussions and in written work. The subjects were fifth graders from a lower middle class background who were divided into four groups: (1) a control group, (2) a group that observed a model express…

This report is concerned with the use of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), in marriage counseling. A brief description of the EPPS is given, noting its quickness and easy administration. The 15 personality variables are presented with a brief description of the meaning of each item. Methods of interpretation are presented including:…