The most critical problems faced by widowers include: (1) dealing with the emotional stress of grief and loneliness; (2) re-establishing identity as a single man; (3) recognizing emotional needs; and (4) coping with the stress of role transition. Unlike the widow, the widower goes through the grieving process alone; he needs help in developing…

A confiding spousal relationship and/or a confidant outside the marital relationship may affect an individual's ability to cope with various stressful events occurring during the adult years. Initial interviews of adults (N=2299) were conducted in 1972; a follow-up study was conducted in 1976 with 1106 adults. The findings confirmed the…

Collective bargaining contracts with teachers unions have reduced principals' autonomy but have still left them opportunities for effective administration of their schools. Interviews with 289 educators in six diverse school districts across the country show that contracts have limited principals' powers both from above, by centralizing labor…

A group approach to dealing with stress is the basis for a series of workshops outlined in this paper. The stress management program materials, especially suitable for those in the helping professions, identifies the nature and causes of stress, and uses group supports to target and work to change counter-productive stress-related behaviors. The…

The instructional organization patterns used by experienced teachers in coping with classroom environmental demands is described. Observations of teachers in natural settings were conducted using both a self-designed observation schedule and brief narratives to capture the nature of the classroom climate. Results suggest that teachers use…

Bibliotherapy may be of assistance in helping children cope with problems in the following ways: by helping them learn to analyze their attitudes and behavior; by assisting them in comparing their beliefs with those of others; by offering possible solutions to problems; and by contributing to their socialization. To identify the types of problems…

This report, final in a series of seven, describes the training model developed from a research project addressing the problem of coping with disruptive behavior in the classroom. A detailed description is given of the activities undertaken by an inservice class. A preliminary evaluation of the impact of the class upon participants is presented.…

This study, third in a series of seven, was written by two kindergarten teachers in different schools. A description is given of the two schools, the community in which they are located, and the physical layout of each of the teachers' classrooms. The characteristics of the teachers and their pupils are described as are the types of distractions…

The proper assessment of anxiety-causing behaviors will help the athlete and coach choose coping strategies which are most compatible with the particular problem and personality type of the individual. Suggestions most often include practical methods of describing and evaluating behaviors that differ from the norm so that cues signalling anxiety…

The characteristics of the current population of group care institutions, residential treatment centers, and group homes and the impact of these characteristics on the nature and degree of problematic behavior were the focus of this survey. In May 1978, an extensive questionnaire was sent to 168 agencies. The questionnaire sought information…

Family conservation is a new approach for strengthening nuclear families on a system level. The family communiversity is an agency developed to effect that approach. A discussion of family conservation on the systems level concerns the need for coping with those forces detrimental to families. The objective of family conservation is to maximize…

Some individuals more readily develop learned helplessness in the classroom, so it is necessary for the educational system to acknowledge it and develop teaching methods to prevent it. Creating awareness among educators of this condition could greatly decrease its occurrence. Children who have a high risk of developing learned helplessness,…

The unique adaptive behavior characteristics of five subtypes of students identified as learning disabled (LD) are described: (1) non-LD (though classified as such); (2) production deficits; (3) verbal organization disorders; (4) nonverbal organization disorders; (5) global functional disorders. Implications for assessment, programming, and…

For students in Japan, job opportunities and future success are closely correlated with the status of the universities they attend. Preparation for entrance examinations begins in elementary school, and the student's school career is spent in an atmosphere of intense preparation and competition. MLW)

Assessment of clinically depressed and nondepressed children (ages 9-17) on measures of attributional style, hopelessness, depression, life stress, and child temperament suggested absence of a unique constellation of cognitive characteristics in depressed children compared with the nondepressed sample. Treatment appeared to affect self-reported…