College students experiencing academic difficulties are a major concern to universities. Research has indicated that many underachievers display certain identifiable electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics. Unlike achieving students, underachievers often exhibit little EEG arousal during normally motivating tasks. These findings suggest that…

This paper presents and discusses a method for helping teachers create nonsexist classrooms. The method, a process approach, was developed in a research study which measured the effects of a nonsexist classroom environment on the sex role attitudes of first graders. The method is characterized by two phases: a preactive phase, in which the…

The Educational Supervision Program is designed to define the role of teacher supervisors and to identify and teach the skills needed for effective supervision. The program is based on social learning theory, which assumes that behavior change depends on the presence of three factors: (1) belief in the ability to change; (2) knowledge of probable…

This paper presents a problem-solving process for stress management, which is based on the premise that the ability to manage stress is a survival skill necessary for parents if they are to provide a home environment conducive to children's social, emotional, and mental growth. The materials delineate a four-stage model for the: (1) identification…

Defensiveness is the most frequently utilized concept to explain inadequate change on the part of consultees. Defensiveness, in this context, indicates a motive to protect a central component of the self-concept, or a motive to present oneself favorably. Another source of consultee resistance to change results from the limitations of the human…

This paper describes a strategic, paradoxical therapy approach useful in family therapy. A discussion of the criteria for case selection indicates the ideal profile to be a case which has been treated by several therapists, using various modalities, with virtually no change. Other indications of the need for strategic therapy are discussed,…

A work-study program was designed to provide black inner-city youths with instruction and guidance in skills needed in their current jobs, especially their ability to speak standard English. The program used the technique of modeling to arouse students' motivation to adopt standard spoken English. Research has shown that the use of a model will be…

Alcohol abuse is a serious problem affecting not only the individual abuser, but also family, friends and society. The effectiveness of contracts as positive tools in the treatment of alcohol abuse was investigated for 15 current abusers randomly assigned to individual therapy sessions. Each subject completed a Personal History Questionnaire, the…

The literature on symbolic forms of communication was reviewed, and an experimental program was designed to teach a single set of vocabulary to a group of four institutionalized profoundly retarded blind/mute adults through the use of gestures. Literature about deaf/blind persons suggested the use of coactive movement techniques and facilitation…

A study investigated whether older persons as a group are generally more persuaded by high authority figures than are younger persons. The study employed a design that allowed for extensive comparisons among subjects of different ages in terms of their willingness to be persuaded by physicians in interpersonal situations. One hundred-twenty…

Forty-two students attending a centralized program for the trainable mentally retarded were placed in satellite units in elementary schools. After 2 years teachers reported on the extent of integration, changes in behavior, play with nonretarded students, and their feelings about the change. Parents were interviewed about their feelings before and…

The strengths and limitations of a developmental approach to the study of teacher change are described. The developmental approach is characterized by: (1) a focus on an end state (maturity); (2) the assumption that all individuals go through the same sequence of changes leading to that end state; and (3) the assumption that these changes are…

Based on findings on the Juniper Gardens Children's Project (a community based research program to increase the reading skills of learning disabled inner city children), the paper presents research and preliminary classroom observations which point to the importance of providing an environment which allows Black minority inner city students to…

The incidence and extent of irrational beliefs in the obese were investigated as well as subsequent changes in such beliefs as a result of participation in a self-monitored weight control program. Subjects were 53 females who were a minimum of 10 pounds and an average of 32 pounds overweight. The obese sample was administered the Irrational…

This collection of symposium papers is published for members of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation with the intention of providing current synthesis of research in physical education. This volume contains papers discussing and analyzing research on teacher behaviors in the field of athletics and movement education…