The spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) depends very much on the way people behave. Individuals from some groups have been successfully persuaded to modify behaviors that put them at increased risk of HIV infection. The salient questions for future AIDS prevention and control programs are…

This digest summarizes the literature on principles of changing behaviors in students with behavior disorders. Principles include: (1) focus on behaviors that need to be changed; (2) identify new behaviors to be developed; (3) provide opportunities to practice new behaviors; (4) treat social skills deficits as errors in learning; (5) teach…

This guide presents a comprehensive strategy, called "environmental management," for alcohol and other drug (AOD) prevention in institutions of higher education. The environmental management approach utilizes, in addition to educational programs, changes in the physical, social, economic, and legal environment accomplished through a…

This paper focuses on Steve, a high school science teacher, and his philosophy, including his beliefs and practices, over a 1.5-year period in an attempt to understand his change process--how his beliefs changed as a result of his dissatisfaction with his teaching practices. The paper shares this teacher's struggle with change and his transition…

The manual is intended to provide employment supervisors with skills to enable them to motivate and provide any needed support to workers with disabilities. The material is organized into seven short sessions with most of the material consisting of basic principles for communicating and instructing persons with disabilities and case study problems…

This guide presents Project Self-Esteem, a program for improving self-esteem and preventing drug and alcohol abuse in kindergarten through grade 6. Chapter I presents the team leader's guide and discusses introducing the program to the principal, school staff, and parents. Chapter II focuses on kindergarten and includes lessons on being a friend…

The concept of coaching can be operationalized to support the growth, change, and commitment of staff, families, and children participating in integrated preschool intervention programs. Coaching is a strategy for facilitating accomplishment; it is a process whereby a coach and a player work together with the intention of realizing a player's…

This practicum attempted to increase interpersonal skills and academic competence of 14 high school students with emotional handicaps through use of peer tutoring. The 17 high school seniors selected as peer assistors received training prior to program implementation. Peer assistors were required to identify goals and strategies weekly, work with…

Student tardiness at an elementary school was creating problems for classroom teachers, problems associated with interruptions, missing morning announcements, and the difficulty of reinforcing tardiness as unacceptable behavior. A program was developed and implemented to reduce elementary school student tardiness. The target group consisted of…

This focus paper contains reprints of 11 articles intended to provide an overview of the key issues in the area of adolescent behavior change as it relates to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) education. Included are: (1) "Preventing HIV Infection and AIDS in Children and Adolescents" (J.…

This booklet reviews the literature and suggests effective strategies for teaching social skills to children and youth with autism. The first chapter reviews the four common approaches for promoting social development. An individual chapter is then given to each of these: direct skill instruction; antecedent prompting procedures; peer-initiated…

The paper presents a case study of a successful elementary school peer tutoring program for learning disabled and slow learning students (first to fourth grades) having difficulties with math facts. Ten tutors in third to sixth grades were selected as tutors and trained by the resource teacher to use such strategies as praise, correction, and…

While numerous approaches to inhibit smoking have appeared in the literature, self-management is one technique that allows the client to take a more active part in the treatment. To study the effectiveness of self-management in a single-subject design, an 18 year old female college student who smoked mostly on weekends was told to self-monitor her…

A study was conducted to determine (1) if black parents score at the internal or external end of the Locus of Control (LOC) scale; (2) if differences exist between black children's LOC and that of their parents; and (3) if an external-internal shift can be achieved through counseling of the parents, and if their children's LOC changes accordingly.…

The therapist encounters patients who have incorporated toxic introjects. Therapy helps them to provide room for incorporation of a healthy object by externalizing the toxic introject. This technique is illustrated with several cases and comparison is made between the use of this technique in the treatment of adults and children. (Author)