Failure has frequently been the result of attempts to implement new educational technologies within a school organization that evolved in response to an older technology--the technology of the classroom, the blackboard, and the textbook. This failure may be due in part to specific causes in individual cases, but the pattern of failure suggests…

The study tested a hypothesized three-dimensional structure of test anxiety involving the constructs of fear of failure, emotionality, and worry. The discriminant validity of these three constructs was studied. Uninformed students were told about a mathematics test in a lesson just prior to administration. They were compared to informed students…

The development and testing of a process model of undergraduate student performance and the influence of performance on dropout rates are discussed. An important feature of the model is a feedback loop that represents knowledge of results. A mathematical elaboration of traditional ideas regarding the effect of feedback on performance is included.…

The potential for feelings of hopelessness and depression in the aged is well documented. Although studies have examined the role of perceived control in ameliorating depression in the institutionalized elderly, no research has actually measured the perceived causal attributions among depressed, hopeless and/or institutionalized elderly…

Subjects were 61 males and females who observed one of four combinations of male and female model performance on an anagram task: (1) male success-female success, (2) male success-female failure, (3) male failure-female success, and (4) male failure-female failure. Subjects' expectations of their own future success and amount of ability relating…

In this study, a subset of the adult functional reading items from the National Reading Survey was administered to a group of approximately 80 adults, together with a set of materials designed to assess decoding skills. The purpose of the study was to determine whether or not the inability to answer the adult reading tasks correctly is…

This paper is presented by the Educational Leadership Council of America, a group that shares a desire to promote personalized environments in which successful experiences are possible for all. In this publication, the authors present a review of the literature related to the effects of success upon personal development. The Council believes that…

Purpose was to identify some outstanding problem areas related to poor academic performance of students in lower-level college courses, specifically attitudes, work habits, and academic deficiencies that contribute to poor performance, as perceived by faculty members. The 10 most prominent characteristics that contribute to poor performance are…

Describes a school-based program that attempts to intervene in the failure syndrome of pregnant adolescents, which is reflected in the areas of education, health, self concept, and parenting. (PB)

This paper provides an analysis of alternative schools that may help understand their problems and kindle future interest, together with guidelines as to how these schools might be more effectively organized. Two case studies are provided to illustrate the importance of authority patterns in these schools. (AM)

Research on the retention or promotion of failing students has been unable to demonstrate the superiority of either method, concludes the author of this review. Furthermore, research shows that neither method by itself solves the educational problems of low-achieving students, since both retained and promoted students continue to achieve at levels…

This study applied a path model, developed from factors associated with instructional development success in the United States, to a similar instructional development environment in Australia. These factors included institutional commitment, faculty rewards, instructional design staff expertise, campus audiovisual production services, program…

The series of studies discussed here was designed to provide an extensive investigation into the hypothesis that reading disabilities and deficits in selective attention are related. Three studies were carried out on three different groups of children from first grade through sixth grade, and five different tasks were employed. Subjects were…

This report describes the efforts of the California State Department of Education in response to a 1975-76 evaluation report which indicated that in some schools, third grade reading scores were declining--specifically in schools whose entering students averaged below the twentieth percentile on the 1973-74 Entry Level Test (ELT) after three years…