The results of this study revealed that a gymnast performing the same routine is at a significant advantage if he is judged as the fourth competitor for his team rather than the first competitor and that regional differences existed among the scores awarded by gymnastics judges. (RC)

Effects of cardiac output and lactate accumulation in exercised muscles was studied. (MM)

Discusses in cost/benefit terms an approach to teaching the sociology of religion which involves students in writing their religious autobiographies. Considers the nature of the assignment, level of methodological sophistication, difficulties in grading, and justification of the exercise. Concludes that the biographical approach has wide…

A fifth grader wanted to know what he had to do to get all his ideas the way he wanted them in his story writing "and" have the spelling, punctuation and quotation marks correctly styled. His teacher encouraged him to think about writing as a process and provided the student with three steps as guidelines for effective writing. (Author/RK)

Circus arts activities enhance flexibility, strength, balance, body coordination, locomotor skills, and creativity. (MM)

Suggests grammatical problem solving, grammatical worksheets, and grammatical poetry as ways of helping students acquire grammatical fluency. (DD)

Just as spoken language is intended to be heard by an audience, written language aims to be read by an audience. In helping kids learn to write, teachers have ignored this crucial fact. The article discusses how a high school English teacher on the Navajo Indian Reservation got the students to do poetry and other creative writing. (Author/NQ)

Describes ways in which third and fourth grade students were introduced to language study by way of creative writing assignments. (HOD)

Surveyed 88 female participants of community-based age-integrated water exercise program designed to enhance comfort and social interaction. Affective measures and observation of membership as a support group elicited few differences by age. Members endorsed having age integration in classes and there was little indication that subgroups of…

The purpose of this study was to compare exercise performance and cardiorespiratory responses on the rowing ergometer with those on the cycle ergometer. Findings are presented and explained. (Author/MT)

The article discusses who should be screened for cholestrol, what levels warrant various treatments, and whether drug therapy tempts patients to avoid exercise or to eat improperly. (Author/CB)

Several of the most common approaches to the preparation of more reflective teachers during pre-service teacher education are described. Specific strategies include: action research, ethnographic studies, writing exercises, and the Ohio State reflective teaching exercises. Empirical evidence concerning inquiry-oriented strategies is also…

Offers a nonverbal prewriting strategy, writer-based sketches, intended to help students turn their thoughts into words. (MS)

Illustrates the utility of composition classes to college juniors and seniors by having them interview someone in their future profession or career about the writing that person does on the job. (MS)

Describes a meditation assignment as a way for students to find connections between two levels of experience, the reader's level of transaction with the text and the level of the reader's own life. Leads students from close analysis to holistic consideration, and finally to philosophical implications. (MS)