The knowledge that 17-year-old students in a local city school district had of literature and history was assessed using the same test items administered by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). A review of national results of the NAEP examination in 1986 has highlighted the gaps in knowledge of this age group. The Austin (Texas)…

Results of a minimum competency test administered to ninth-grade students were evaluated to compare the performance of 723 students (345 males, 347 females, and 31 unidentified students) on content-specific and process skill questions. Subjects represented a random sample of students taking the Regents Competency Test in Science--a 70-item…

The practicum attempted to decrease inappropriate referrals to special education from parents and elementary teachers at a Louisiana elementary school through inservice training for teachers (N=19) and parents (N=43). Training focused on: (1) improving teachers' recognition of characteristics of attention deficit disorder (ADD) and learning…

As one phase of an extensive research project, normative data on the anatomical doll play of 209 nonreferred 2- through 5-year-old children were collected which revealed extreme, non-normative responses among some 4- and 5-year-olds. Later, a follow-up study was conducted to investigate the consistency of non-normative behavior over time and to…

This 3-year project examined the processes and strategies employed by English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) and native-English-speaking students when learning from academic texts. A conceptual model guided the analysis of talk aloud protocols elicited from students as they answered questions from textbook materials used in an introductory…

The study reported in this paper sought to clarify the nature and form of faculty scholarship by identifying its dimensions and components from the pont of view of faculty at a large public doctoral granting institution. A survey instrument was developed listing 249 attributes of faculty scholarship, and 340 faculty members (66% of the total…

This paper compares the mathematical understandings and pedagogical content knowledge of beginning teachers entering teaching through an alternate route program with those entering from three standard teacher education programs. The analysis challenges two common assumptions about becoming a secondary school mathematics teacher: (1) that people…

This paper considers the role that teacher educators accord to subject matter knowledge in helping teachers to change their practice. Two inservice programs that aim to effect radical change in teachers' practices are examined, one focusing on the teaching of mathematics and the other on the teaching of writing. Drawing on data from interviews and…

This paper attempts to provide some guidance to school administrators, school boards, social studies teachers, and others about the key components of citizenship education and its relationship to social studies education. The paper defines citizenship education as the primary purpose of the social studies and provides three key characteristics of…

A seminar was designed to present AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) related information to 52 college students enrolled in Psychology 101 courses at Essex Community College in Maryland. First, a questionnaire was administered to determine student knowledge about AIDS. The next part of the procedure was an intervention in the form of a…

In two studies, the role of biomedical knowledge in the diagnosis of clinical cases by physicians and medical students was explored. Experiment 1 demonstrated a decrease in the use of biomedical knowledge with increasing expertise. This result appeared to be at variance with some findings reported in some but not all of the literature. In…

Intended as a training manual for medical, educational, and institutional staff who work with disabled adolescents and adults, the booklet seeks to provide basic knowledge and dispel common myths surrounding sexuality and disability. Translated from Swedish, chapter titles and selected subtopics are as follows: (1) "Sexuality and Disability:…

Assessment of undergraduate student learning is discussed by a representative of the College Entrance Examination Board in testimony to the National Governors' Association. Governors are advised to avoid externally-mandated assessment requirements on colleges, since there is no single instrument available to effectively assess academic achievement…

The pamphlet reviews cognitive and developmental psychology research in which skilled and less skilled performance patterns and mechanisms have been compared. Knowledge has been described, in theory, in terms of an associative network in which concepts are represented as the nodes of the net, and relations between concepts serve as associative…

This paper analyzes the hardware and software features that would be desirable in a computer-based semantic network system for representing biology knowledge. It then describes in detail a prototype network of molecular biology knowledge that has been developed using Filevision software and a Macintosh computer. The prototype contains about 100…