Two experiments demonstrated interactive effects between locus of control and expectancy confirmation-disconfirmation in determining attribution of failure. (Editor)

This study was designed to assess the extent to which social role and "just world" considerations would affect perceptions and attributions of responsibility to a rape victim. (Editor)

Examined the benefits of a peer collaborative activity on cognitive strategy use and effectiveness and on metacognitive understanding of strategy use. Found that interaction with children working at a higher level of metacognitive knowledge increased strategy use and induced higher levels of metacognitive thinking. Use of sorting strategy and…

Examined whether aggressive boys' hostile attribution bias extends to processing incoming information. Subjects were asked to segment videotaped actions based on information conditions about the two boys playing in the film. Aggressiveness predicted change in segmentation after the critical event only in the neutral prior-information condition,…

Discusses turning the mathematics failure cycle of students with learning disabilities into a success cycle by using learning strategies and positive attributions. Identifies eight steps to success with learning strategies are as well as six steps to positive attribution in math. The attribution theory is also explained. (CR)

How certain ability-related academic self-perceptions are organized in the self-systems of fifth graders was studied with 190 children who completed questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis indicates that children differentiate their ability-related perceptions in ways that current models of academic self-perceptions cannot account for fully.…

Examines gender differences in undergraduates' attributions for child sex offending. Results showed that undergraduates' reasons for child sexual abuse strongly parallel contemporary scientific theories of abuse, and that there were significant gender differences in the frequency with which participants cited various types of reasons given for…

An integration of conceptions about attributional antecedents with those of attributional consequences is applied to achievement behavior. Results reveal that participants who were induced to make realistic attributions spent more time on tasks for which they had demonstrated high ability than on tasks for which they had demonstrated low ability.…

Suggests a videotape illustration is highly effective in teaching Kelley's covariation attribution model. Notes the use of videotapes improves the students' understanding of attribution concepts. Claims students are able to make appropriate attributions using Kelley's model and to apply them to real-life situations. (Author/NL)

Tests self-serving attributional bias, attributing success to internal factors and failure to external factors among Blacks. With a sample of 35 Black and 35 White undergraduates, demonstrates this bias for both races. Finds Blacks attributed outcomes more to effort, whereas Whites attributed outcomes to task difficulty, a more stable factor. (DB)

Summarizes prominent research-based perspectives on children's thinking about their own achievement. Identifies effective tactics for classroom intervention and teacher influence. (RJC)

Seventy-five learning-disabled students (10 to 14 years old) received instructions about summarization strategies and about personal causality that were designed to improve reading comprehension. Changes in antecedent attributions about personal causality were not usually altered by this program-specific attributional training, although…

This article discusses the importance of attribution and strategy training for understanding motivation in students with learning disabilities, contributions of attributions to the larger motivational schema, and problems associated with measuring this affective variable. (DB)

Compared perceived causes of mental illness and help-seeking preferences among Japanese-American and white college students (Total n=288). Found that Japanese-Americans were more likely than whites to attribute mental illness to social causes, to resolve problems on their own, and to seek help from family members and/or friends. (Author/NB)

This article traces the origin of the James-Lange theory of emotion, considers differences in their thinking, and assesses early criticisms and debate. Research on physiological patterns in emotion is reviewed. New paths for emotion research are outlined and homage is paid to the inspiration of William James. (SLD)