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Peer reviewed
Direct linkTim D. Windsor; Bethany Wilton-Harding – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2025
Theorized mechanisms linking views on aging, self-regulation, and well-being have not previously been examined longitudinally. This study considers goal re-engagement as a potential mediator of longitudinal relationships between awareness of age-related change (AARC) and vitality. We expected that more positive perceptions of aging (i.e., higher…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Aging (Individuals), Goal Orientation, Coping
Sanjana Ravi; Andrew E. Molnar Jr.; Emilia F. Cárdenas; Autumn Kujawa; Kathryn L. Humphreys – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2025
Children prenatally exposed to opioids exhibit impairments in cognitive functioning and have an increased likelihood of experiencing other forms of adversity. Given that these other forms of early life adversity are linked to lower levels of cognitive functioning, it is important to determine whether the association between opioid exposure and…
Descriptors: Drug Use, Prenatal Influences, Preschool Children, Early Experience
Ting-Yu Chueh; Jia-Hao Wu; Wei-Kang Hung; Cheng-Chen Pan; Chien-Chih Chou; Chung-Ju Huang; Chien-Ting Wu – Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2025
Background: Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) typically exhibit cognitive deficits. While single bouts of physical activity (PA) have shown cognitive benefits in typically developing individuals, the effects on those with ID are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of single bouts of PA on cognition in…
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Physical Activity Level, Program Effectiveness, Physical Activities
Download full textMichael Mbongiseni Buthelezi; Lusanda Ncisana; Mohammed Xolile Ntshangase – Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 2025
Food insecurity is one of the less researched problems that poses a challenge to schools in South Africa. This qualitative study seeks to holistically explore this problem as it adopts Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory as the lenses of exploration. In addition to socio-cultural beliefs on food and academic…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Hunger, Rural Schools, Academic Achievement
Kai Ian Leung; Monika Molnar – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2025
Background: As highlighted by research on typically developing children, various biases exist when evaluating bilingual children's abilities. These biases can lead to inequitable assessment of language and cognitive abilities--potentially over- or underestimating bilinguals' skills. Recent reviews on neurodivergent bilingual children alluded to…
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Language Impairments
Cristan Farmer; Audrey Thurm; Tanvi Das; E. Martina Bebin; Jonathan A. Bernstein; Elizabeth Berry-Kravis; Joseph D. Buxbaum; Charis Eng; Thomas Frazier; Antonio Y. Hardan; Alexander Kolevzon; Darcy A. Krueger; Julian A. Martinez-Agosto; Hope Northrup; Craig M. Powell; Latha Valluripalli Soorya; Joyce Y. Wu; Mustafa Sahin – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2025
Developmental domains, such as cognitive, language, and motor, are key concepts of interest in longitudinal studies of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Normative scores (e.g., IQ) are often used to operationalize performance on standardized tests of these concepts, but it is the interval-distributed person-ability scores that are…
Descriptors: Cognitive Tests, Intelligence Tests, Cognitive Ability, Intellectual Disability
Sonja Alantie; Tanja Makkonen; Kati Renvall – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2025
Background: Motor-speech skills slow down with age, but health care professionals lack normative data, especially on the vastly growing population of very old (VO) speakers. The execution of different motor-speech tasks requires both fine-motoric and cognitive abilities. Aims: To study the performance on oral diadochokinetic (DDK) rate and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Older Adults, Aging (Individuals), Psychomotor Skills
Rafi, Faiza; Maricle, Denise E. – Communique, 2023
Down syndrome is one of the leading causes of intellectual disability, and individuals with Down syndrome experience various health issues including learning and memory deficits, congenital heart diseases, Alzheimer's or other dementias, leukemia, cancers, and Hirschsprung disease. School psychologists have a vital role in the success of students…
Descriptors: School Psychologists, School Psychology, Down Syndrome, Students with Disabilities
Lindeberg, Sophia; Müller, Nicole; Samuelsson, Christina – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2023
Background: In dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), limitations in linguistic and cognitive abilities may lead to difficulties in participating in conversations. The conversational outcome is also dependent on how the conversation partner adjusts to potential communicative challenges. Aims: This study explored resources and barriers in communication…
Descriptors: Dementia, Language Impairments, Cognitive Ability, Interpersonal Communication
Wong, Simpson W. L.; Li, Wang-On; Cheung, Anisa – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have consistently showed poor performances in reading comprehension. Extending from previous studies that presented pure-text, this study aims to test the performances of graphic novel reading. We tested 24 Chinese children who have been diagnosed as DLD and 24 typical readers matched with age…
Descriptors: Developmental Delays, Language Impairments, Reading Comprehension, Cartoons
Avci-Dogan, Gülsah; Akbulut, Yavuz; Sak, Ugur – Infant and Child Development, 2023
Processing speed is a component of general intelligence and an indicator of learning potential. There is a need for robust measures of mental speed based on contemporary theoretical developments. The current study addressed this need by proposing a mental speed test for children aged 60 to 96 months (5 to 8 years) and examining its psychometric…
Descriptors: Test Construction, Young Children, Psychometrics, Cognitive Processes
Sternberg, Robert J. – Roeper Review, 2023
Two implicit metaphors can be seen as having dominated the study of the gifted--the savings bank and the investment bank. In the savings-bank metaphor, people have differential levels of IQ or general intelligence, which is viewed as determining whether they are gifted. Their cognitive ability is their metaphorical "money in the bank."…
Descriptors: Figurative Language, Gifted, Intelligence Quotient, Cognitive Ability
Viktorsson, Charlotte; Lindskog, Marcus; Li, Danyang; Tammimies, Kristiina; Taylor, Mark J.; Ronald, Angelica; Falck-Ytter, Terje – Developmental Science, 2023
The ability to perceive approximate numerosity is present in many animal species, and emerges early in human infants. Later in life, it is moderately heritable and associated with mathematical abilities, but the etiology of the Approximate Number System (ANS) and its degree of independence from other cognitive abilities in infancy is unknown.…
Descriptors: Infants, Numeracy, Genetics, Environmental Influences
Guo, Liming; Du, Junlei; Zheng, Qinhua – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2023
Background: There is a strong association between interactions and cognitive engagement, which is crucial for constructing new cognition and knowledge. Although interactions and cognitive engagement have attracted extensive attention in online learning environments, few studies have revealed the evolution of cognitive engagement with interaction…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Learner Engagement, Electronic Learning, Technology Uses in Education
Barker, Rick Don – ProQuest LLC, 2023
While some engineering students develop proper critical thinking skills, most engineering students do not. Engineers must critically think to tackle various problems on the job, but many schools do not properly instill critical thinking in engineering students. With engineers working on multiple tasks in little time, a knowledge of critical…
Descriptors: Engineering Education, Data Interpretation, Critical Thinking, Cognitive Processes
