The "Nakba" (Arabic for "catastrophe") was the mass displacement of more than 700,000 Palestinians in 1948, when the state of Israel was created. Many Palestinians who fled in 1948 never saw their homes--and in some cases, Palestine itself--again. They were forced to settle elsewhere in what are now called the occupied Palestinian territories (the West Bank and Gaza Strip) or in neighboring nations like Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon, as refugees, living and dying in exile. Today, they and their descendants face an entirely different looking world but a similar status; stateless, exiled, and living under multiple forms of structural oppression. As a result, these refugees face significant challenges to their health. While those who remained within the borders of Israel finally received citizenship in 1980 and have access to the Israeli health system, many of those that settled outside of the state of Israel are barred from ever returning. Those that live in the occupied territories face a taxed and fragmented health system along with ongoing Israeli restrictions and violence, and those that settled in other countries face discrimination in their host countries, all with varying access to humanitarian services. Some may not have consistent access to care at all. This means that this population engages with a wide variety of health actors--public, private, and humanitarian--and suffers a different health burden depending on where they are and what their legal status is, making broad health interventions impossible.