Presents a set of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory norms for a mixed psychiatric group of adolescents (N=1022). Normative information is stratified according to five age categories and includes means and standard deviations for the validity, clinical, and 48 content scales. Discusses the usefulness of these norms for clinicians.…

Assessed the relationship of a measure of self-efficacy to posttreatment smoking status in 74 adults. End-of-treatment self-efficacy scores were significantly correlated with follow-up smoking status at 3-month and 6-month follow-up, but not at 1 year. Smoking during treatment was associated with lower end-of-treatment efficacy scores. (WAS)

Four severely behaviorally disturbed children ranging in age from three years seven months to six years ten months participated in a reinforcer preference study. Results of individual exposure to social, primary, or social/primary reinforcer classes within a standardized task-instruction format indicated task performance was equivalent across…

Among findings of the study involving 119 gifted college students were that there was an interaction between sex and giftedness, and that educational intervention affected the career aspirations of women. The need for investigating the strategies that enhance motivation in women is emphasized. (CL)

Studied personality-environment congruence and differentiation, singly and in combination, as measured by the Vocational Preference Inventory. Results indicated that these variables predicted reported job satisfaction for 247 teachers employed in five subject matter areas. Time-related variables and sex were not significantly related to job…

Adjustment to two childhood group settings was studied as a function of individual temperament characteristics prior to entrance. The hypothesis was supported that the adjustment of children with different individual temperaments would vary across programs. (MP)

Case studies of a few naturally bilingual children are reported in the context of a larger research project with bilingual children living in Rome. Studies focused on personality traits present from birth and concomitant with bilingual development. Data confirm full psychological normality on the part of bilingual children. (Author/AMH)

Provides further support for the contention held by Thomas, Chess, and Korn (1982) that the concept of difficult temperament is not totally a construction of the parents. (MP)

Previous research has revealed front and center seating positions are characterized by high student-teacher interaction. In this study it was suggested that one explanation for the high interaction is that students with similar personality characteristics prefer to sit in the central seats. The research hypotheses were partially supported.…

Discusses techniques that child care workers can utilize to foster the development of coping skills in young children. Emphasizes the difference between psychological immunity to stress based on problem-solving abilities and pseudo-immunity created by overprotectiveness. Holds that challenges build children's competence and self-esteem.…

Studied vocational interests of persons with spinal cord injury. Using the Strong Campbell Interest Inventory, participants' scores were compared to norms for men and women in general on the inventory. Showed their interests were often incongruent with their physical limitations and suggested that counselors must assist in identifying vocational…

In a comparison of the performance of active and passive mechanically yoked subjects who learned their way through a tactile maze, it was shown that active subjects made more errors and took a greater number of trials to reach criterion than did passive subjects. (Author)

Studied how egalitaranism and success through individual achievement, were expressed in the involvement of others in consumer decisions. Results found egalitarians involved others in seeking more information. Individual achievement subjects delegated more decision responsibility for non-ego involving decisions. Suggests involvement of others could…

Hypothesized that encouraging depressed subjects to practice nondepressive daydreams could reduce their depression. Subjects were assigned control neutral daydreams, positive daydreams, and daydreams groups, developed by the individual and the experimenter. Change toward decreased depression was significant for the three treatment groups.…

Tests the degree of generalization from attributions of "overweight" to other personality attributions made by college students (N=223). Students were asked to write stories about male and female stimulus characters who varied only in body image. (CM)