It was found that (a) later borns from two-child families were more external than those from larger families; (b) later borns were more external than only children or firstborns; (c) only children and firstborns were more socially responsible than later borns; and (d) firstborns were more rigid than only-child and later-born Ss. (Author)

The main finding is that last born girls tend to visit with friends more frequently than first and in between children. Theoretically, this relatively high participation with friends may reflect the beginning of change in the functions of the family. (Author)

Statement released by the Board of Directors, National Council on Family Relations, May 20, 1971. (Editor)

Results of the study suggest that birth-order effects might be included within the wider framework of approval-dependency theory. Females tend to account for a significant share of birth-order effects. More particularly, firstborn females accounted for much of the differences in expressed attraction as well as need for social approval. (Author)

Studied the attitudes of unwed Black adolescent fathers in Tulsa (N=20) and Chicago (N=27). Most of the respondents were accepting of young fatherhood and perceived their relationship with the child's mother as one of love. Nearly all fathers were concerned about the child's future and unconcerned about having a child out of wedlock. (JAC)

Sixteen families expecting their second child at the beginning of the study were observed over a period of two years in their homes, in order to conceptualize changes in family structure as it changes from a triadic to a tetradic (group or arrangement of four) form. (MP)

Indicated how a shift in the structure of kinship networks created changes in both the content and balance of kinship relationships. Compared the mother-daughter and the mother-in-law/daughter-in-law relationships. The shift in their kin network consisted of the birth of the daughter(in-law)'s child. (Author/RC)

Examines data on marriage, childbearing, divorce, educational attainment, and income level among young Blacks. Suggests that the phenomenon of early marriage among Blacks is widespread and merits more attention than it currently receives. (Author/MJL)

Tested the hypothesis that differences in cooperative-competitive social behavior between Anglo-Americans and Mexican Americans is a result of larger family size among the latter group. Found that, even after controlling for number of siblings and birth order, statistically significant differences in such behavior remained between the two groups.…

Describes an activity for college geography classes in which students study demographic transitions and spatial patterns which provide a clear understanding of what modernization implies in Middle and South America. Students make maps, construct scattergrams, and analyze birth rates, gross national products, and infant mortality rates in 19…

Couples (N=46) expecting their first child completed the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale and the Bem Sex Role Inventory during the last trimester of the wife's pregnancy and again after the birth of the baby. Results indicated that wives' marital adjustment scores were significantly lower following the birth. (Author)

Current research on neural mechanisms of learning and memory has implications for training the retarded. (Author)

In general the LD-B1 families (in which the learning disabled child was first-born) were found to be under the greatest stress, and maternal expectations were more likely to be inconsistent between the two children, with the mother underestimating the first-born learning disabled child's abilities and overestimating the normal second-born.…

It was found that both successful politicians and scientists almost invariably held special family positions, although the proportions in any particular position were not identical for the two fields. (Author/DLS)