The theoretical and policy focus on parental involvement in education has evolved into a consideration of 2-way connections between families and schools. Working from a social capital perspective emphasizing the importance of information in periods and domains of uncertainty, the author tested a specific application of this reconceptualization in…

The Woodcock Johnson III Brief Assessment is a "maximum performance test" (Reynolds, Livingston, Willson, 2006) that is designed to assess the upper levels of knowledge and skills of the test taker using both power and speed to obtain a large amount of information in a short period of time. The Brief Assessment also provides an adequate…

Despite increased requirements for high school graduation, almost one-third of the nation's college freshmen are unprepared for college-level math. The need for remediation is particularly high among students who are low income, Hispanic, and black. Female students are also less likely than males to be ready for college-level math. This article…

Mathematical learning disabilities (MLDs) are often associated with math anxiety, yet until now, very little is known about the causal relations between calculation ability and math anxiety during early primary school years. The main aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate the relationship between calculation ability, self-reported…

Everyone uses language to learn mathematics. Paying close attention to the needs of students who are learning English as a second (or third) language is crucial so that teachers can modify lessons to accommodate those needs. The Equity Principle requires that they accommodate differences in their diverse student population to help everyone learn…

This article examines the achievement effects of a prosocial classroom and instructional management program--Consistency Management & Cooperative Discipline (CMCD)--implemented at 14 elementary schools in a single geographic feeder pattern of a large, urban school district. State reading and mathematics achievement data were collected over 2…

Peer interactions are a critical component of students' academic success and retention in undergraduate programs. Scholars argue that peer interactions influence students' cognitive development, identity development, self-confidence and self-efficacy, and social and academic integration into the university environment (Pascarella & Terenzini,…

Twenty-two 9- to 12-year-old disabled children with severe mathematics disabilities and 18 normal controls with average math achievement were given six tests of conservation. Significant group differences appeared which indicated that many learning disabled children have not yet developed the concept of conversation, even in the upper elementary…

Points out that differences in mathematics achievement by males and females are influenced by differential societal expectations. Cites intervention programs that have been successful in curbing the sex-typing of mathematics as male. (JOW)

Statistical models that combine cross section and time series data offer analysis and interpretation advantages over separate cross section or time series data analyses (Matyas & Severstre, 1996). Data that embodies time series and cross section units have not been commonplace in the research community until the last 25 years (Tieslav, 1999).…

Reports on the main results of an instructional study aimed at improving the mathematics performance of a group of university biology students who repeatedly failed the final examination of a compulsory course in mathematics. Results indicate that the main difficulties of these students seemed to be metacognitive and affective in nature. Concludes…

The current article investigates whether the mathematics achievement of students in special education can be used to identify those who share common cognitive skills that may not be in concordance with their disability labels. Latent class analysis of a comprehensive test of mathematics taken by fourth-grade students with various disabilities…

According to the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), American students' math performance deteriorates during their middle school years. While our fourth graders compare favorably with fourth graders around the world, by high school only students in South Africa and Cyprus do worse in mathematics.

This report summarizes evidence from studies that estimate the effects of interventions for improving the mathematics proficiency of middle school students and that meet What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) evidence standards, usually with some reservations.

For decades Japan has remained at or near the top of international assessments of student learning; and in the past decade, students in Japan have become more engaged in learning. However, the government aspires to improve learning outcomes even further. "Strong Performers and Successful Reformers in Education: Lessons from PISA for…