Gender-role conflict theory has suggested that women athletes will experience role conflict because they are attempting to enact both feminine and masculine gender roles, yet research findings have shown mixed support for this notion. The purpose of this study was to explore how women rugby players negotiate gender-role expectations and conflict…

Research Findings: This study expands on previous research (Bus & van Ijzendoorn, 1988, 1992, 1997) establishing an association between the quality of mother-child interactions and reading behavior during a joint book-reading task. In a sample of 58 mother-child pairs, the quality of the relationship between mothers and their children at 36 months…

Studies of test dimensionality indicate that many large-scale science assessments measure multiple dimensions. These findings have reinforced the perspective that science achievement is an inherently dynamic process and that there is benefit in reporting subscores in science. A limitation with some of these studies is that they fail to indicate…

This article has two purposes. First, it integrates the underlying principles of developmental systems theory (Ford & Lerner, 1992; Lerner, 2002, 2004) with the most recent research on immigrant youth. Second, based on an analysis of both theory and research, it offers implications for school counseling professionals' work with immigrant youth…

This inquiry examines the strengths of male art therapists and art therapy students using the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) survey that measures character strengths. Among this sample of 21 men, two signature strengths emerged most often and had the highest total scores: "curiosity and interest in the world" and "appreciation of…

Children have been taught since birth to believe they can do anything they choose, from starring in the school play to mastering long division. All that self-confidence, however, has not produced more capable students. The Brookings Institution 2006 Brown Center Report on Education finds that countries in which families and schools emphasize…

School culture is unique, which has a lot to do with the unpredictable and sometimes irrational behavior that can occur at the bargaining table. When confronting the uniqueness of school cultures, the key to understanding and leading through the trials and tribulations of collective bargaining is to recognize the uniqueness of the people who enter…

People are often presumed to be vulnerable to a desirability bias, namely, a tendency to be overoptimistic about a future outcome as a result of their preferences or desires for that outcome. In this article, this form of wishful thinking is distinguished from the more general concepts of motivated reasoning and overoptimism, and the evidence for…

The present study provides a qualitative analysis of mothers' childrearing behaviour focused on the coercive-inductive dimension, in particular in an effort to show that coerciveness is not always negative, but may be adaptive to the child's characteristics. Thirty-one mothers provided self-reports from a structured interview on their childrearing…

This handbook is designed to enable mothers to identify their personality type according to the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and to relate their personality type to their strengths, struggles, and needs as mothers. Part 1 introduces the seven Mothers of Many Styles (MOMS) principles providing the basis for this approach and the concept of…

This six-part pamphlet examines 87 Finnish principals' personalities in terms of leadership and cognitive styles. The study's purpose is noted in section 1. Section 2 analyzes pedagogical roles and behaviors from a normative dimension perspective. Section 3 shifts to the personal dimension in discussing styles, values, and vocational preferences.…

Masculinity (M) and Femininity (F) were related to multiple dimensions of self-concept for responses from 962 high school students. Androgyny theory predicts that F, as well as M, will contribute positively and uniquely to self-concept, but previous research has typically found that the contribution of F is nil or even negative after controlling…

This paper examines the conceptual and empirical relationships differentially associated with antisocial behavior and undercontrol, two concepts that frequently are confused. The personality characteristics conceptually associated with antisocial behavior were specified by seven psychologists using the California Child Q-sort (CCQ) to describe…

Personality characteristics among females admitted to the U.S. Air Force Academy were compared to those of male cadets and to females attending other colleges. The Personality Research Form-E (Jackson, 1974) was administered to all 217 females of an entering class at the Academy during the first few days of basic cadet training. Approximately…

This paper examines the impact of 12 hours of exposure to Rational Behavior Training (RBT) and 10 days of exposure to a controlled conflict situation within a wilderness environment on 30 high school students. Results indicate that the treatment group, when compared with a control group, showed a marked and statistically significant reduction in…