Numerous studies in the educational field show the importance of feedback in the teaching process and students' motivation for learning. Although researchers agree that feedback is essential for improved performance, learners often dismiss it, and its effectiveness is diminished because of specific characteristics of feedback itself, teacher, and…

Children's responses to new, unfamiliar social interactions should be influenced by their cognitive appraisals and physiology, though little is known about how these constructs interrelate. To investigate these links, we examined whether children's appraisals of recalled events and resting parasympathetic physiology predicted social…

Indirect answers are a common type of non-literal language that do not provide an explicit "yes" or "no" to a question (e.g., "I have to work late" indirectly answered "Are you going to the party?" with a negative response). In the current study, we examined the developmental trajectory of comprehension of…

Multisite trials that randomize individuals (e.g., students) within sites (e.g., schools) or clusters (e.g., teachers/classrooms) within sites (e.g., schools) are commonly used for program evaluation because they provide opportunities to learn about treatment effects as well as their heterogeneity across sites and subgroups (defined by moderating…

Prior research on student voice shows that when adults genuinely listen to and value student input, students are more likely to feel they belong and can learn in their educational setting. Given this, the purpose of this research study was to evaluate if previously disenfranchised students would develop a greater sense of agency, academic identity…

"Improving Teacher Morale and Motivation" discusses a key issue for school leaders: motivating teachers to improve learning for students. Immense and unprecedented changes in education--primarily with the pandemic and "great resignation"--have affected all areas of teaching and learning, including teacher morale and motivation.…

When an audience member becomes immersed, their attention shifts towards the media and story, and they allocate cognitive resources to represent events and characters. Here, we investigate whether it is possible to measure immersion using continuous behavioural and physiological measures. Using television and film clips, we validated dual-task…

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show abnormal face perception and emotion recognition. However, it remains largely unknown whether these differences are associated with abnormal physiological responses when viewing faces. In this study, we employed a sensitive emotion judgment task and conducted a detailed investigation of pupil…

Absolute standing feedback has shown greater psychological impact than relative standing feedback. The purpose of this experiment was to examine whether the superior impact of absolute feedback depends on the reward criterion. Participants completed a math test and were randomly assigned to one of the eight conditions in a 2 (reward criterion:…

Student feedback is crucial for evaluating the performance of teachers and the quality of teaching. Free-form text comments obtained from open-ended questions are seldom analyzed comprehensively since it is difficult to interpret and score compared to standardized rating scales. To solve this problem, the present study employed aspect-level…

For psychoeducational evaluations to generate useful data, students must put forth sufficient effort on diagnostic tests, and they and their caregivers and teachers must respond honestly and carefully when asked about symptoms. These features are collectively known as response validity, a concept widely discussed in neuropsychological assessment…

Multiple measures, such as multiple content domains or multiple types of performance, are used in various testing programs to classify examinees for screening or selection. Despite the popular usages of multiple measures, there is little research on classification consistency and accuracy of multiple measures. Accordingly, this study introduces an…

The current study proposed several variants of simple-structure multidimensional item response theory equating procedures. Four distinct sets of data were used to demonstrate feasibility of proposed equating methods for two different equating designs: a random groups design and a common-item nonequivalent groups design. Findings indicated some…

Supporting the development and training of paraeducators can be complex; however, that support in rural settings can be especially challenging. The unique structure of rural settings, often with limited personnel and available resources, can create challenges for recruiting and retaining quality candidates within the field of paraeducation. This…

Researchers have examined autonomous sensory meridian responses (ASMRs) focusing on known experiencers and the nuances surrounding those occurrences. This exploratory study was developed in response to existing ASMR research focusing on individuals who were not necessarily known ASMR experiencers. My goal was to better understand whether these…