Examines the relationship between resident characteristics and time participating in activities. For the 2,672 nursing home residents studied, measures of resource use, cognitive abilities, depression, sense of initiative/involvement, activity repertoire, location preferences, and gender were all found to be significant in explaining the amount of…

Methodological considerations in conducting research on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), the most widely used clinical personality instrument, are reviewed, with reference to the original MMPI and the version for adolescents (MMPI-A). Potential pitfalls in personality testing and personality assessment research are…

Assessed U.S., English, Israeli, and Japanese teachers' views of the ideal temperaments of children. Teachers in the U.S. and England had the most similar views, whereas those in Israel were most divergent. Differences and similarities of teacher's views are discussed in terms of eight dimensions of temperament. (BB)

A typology of physically abusive parents was developed based upon personality characteristics measured by the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Cluster analysis revealed five distinct patterns, with differences among clusters in age, education, number of children, number of parents involved in abuse, and other variables. Possible treatment…

Presents findings of a comparison of the personality profiles of music educators with indicators of teaching success. Reports that application of the Missouri Pre-Professional Teacher Interview (MPTI) showed that music teachers scored relatively well on "stimulator,""developer," and "command" themes but less well on…

Examined possible relationships between reported work-related stress and organizational and personal variables, hardiness of personality, exercise activity, and organizational culture of 240 student affairs administrators within Minnesota. Results revealed that job satisfaction and hardiness of personality were greatest predictors of lowered…

Explored differences between caregiving daughters' (n=150) perceptions of their own and their mothers' personalities. Daughters generally rated their mothers more negatively than themselves. Functional impairment was not related to assessment of mothers' personalities, whereas psychological and cognitive impairments were. (ABL)

Critically reviews characteristics thought to be associated with "difficult clients" in light of research findings emerging from psychiatric and psychological literature pertaining to Borderline Personality Disorder. Reviews recent developments for brief treatment strategies and describes development of short-term interpersonal therapy…

Levels of hostility and type of crime were compared in 94 male offenders with 3-4 or 4-3 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) high point pairs and in randomly selected offenders without these pairs. Results do not support these codes as evidence of a proclivity for violence. (SLD)

Observed 193 children at 4.5 years who had been classified at 4 months as high or low reactive to stimulation for signs of inhibited or uninhibited behavior. Children classified as high reactive were less spontaneous and less sociable than low-reactive children, but only a small proportion maintained a consistently inhibited or uninhibited…

Explored the backgrounds and personal motives of 70 families who adopted Indian children in the late 1970s and 1980s. Focused on what kind of people seek to adopt children of another ethnic group and with a higher likelihood of chronic disabilities. Found strong resemblance to altruists and rescuers of Holocaust victims. (Author/DLH)

Investigates the relationship between White racial identity development and the personality constructs Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. White college students (N=105) were administered the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, and the New Racism Scale. Results indicate that…

Outlines J. L. Holland's (1985) typology of persons and environments, and summarizes the support for this theory in explaining stability and change in careers and work satisfaction. Recent research that strengthens the explanatory power of Holland's typology and links it to the Big Five personality factors is described. Speculations about using…

Suggests that the heterogeneity of human personality characteristics increases with age. Examines reasons for this phenomenon in terms of individual differentiation, social structure/allocation, and behavioral genetics. Develops a model synthesizing various study designs that prevent variation and covariation errors from occurring in life course…

The psychometric properties of the "Almost Perfect Scale-Revised," a test of adaptive and maladaptive aspects of perfectionist qualities, were examined with 342 academically talented middle school students. Findings indicated reliability estimates in the moderate to high range but goodness-of-fit indices were just below the criteria for…