Performed statistical analyses on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory results of 231 Black and 231 White male and female psychiatric patients matched for sex, age, residence, employment, years of education, marital status, socioeconomic status, and hospital status. Results indicated no differences beyond chance for any of the dependent…

Described an assertiveness scale for children developed to assess four dimensions of assertiveness across three categories of interpersonal situations. The scale was administered to elementary and middle school children (N=609) and readministered to students (N=164) to assess test-retest reliability. Test-retest reliability was low while internal…

College males and females were given measures of identity status, intimacy status, and self-esteem. Males were found to focus on intrapersonal aspects of identity, females on interpersonal aspects. The pursuit of various identity development pathways affected self-esteem differentially each sex. Sex differences in intimacy were also found.…

Evaluates a multivariate model of youthful marijuana use. The model includes the symbolic-protest function and the peer-acceptance function, marijuana use for gaining acceptance from permissive peers. Support for the model comes from close correspondence between observed and predicted correlations and the low, nonsignificant value of the…

Developed norms for an adult industrial population for the Eysenck Personality Inventory. An analysis of scale scores by age, sex, marital status, and occupational category revealed significant differences in extraversion scale scores by age and sex. Norm tables are presented by sex. (Author)

Men and women were surveyed to discover how social competence affects the marital relationship, using measures of social self-esteem, interpersonal efficacy, judgmental ability, need for dominance, and liking people. Marital adjustment was related to self-perceived social competence. (CT)

The Vocational Preference Inventory (VPA) and the Ohio Work Values Inventory (OWVI) were administered to 115 undergraduates. A two-factor MANOVA was performed with personality types (VPI) and sex as independent variables and work values (OWVI) as dependent variables. The F-ratios for main effects were significant. (Author/SJL)

Common items, items which appear on several scales on psychological tests, are investigated in this study. It is concluded that the common item problem is not a serious one in personality measurement. (Author/JKS)

Most personality tests are based on concepts assessing typical performance, and tests of this sort have not been generally successful in predicting criterion behaviors with useful levels of efficiency. Ability tests, which call for maximal performance, have been much more successful as predictors of criterion outcomes. (Editor)

The overlap between personality and neurocognitive measures was examined in a sample of 182 adolescent psychiatric inpatients, half of whom were substance abusers. Both cognitive tests and observer-rated measures sensitive to impulsivity were specifically related to abuse of multiple substances, and aspects of inattention and depression were…

Results of a personality assessment questionnaire revealed three basic personality characteristics which are predictive of student achievement in telecourses: (1) high performers were the most self-sufficient; (2) the least compulsive students earned the highest grades in their courses; and (3) telecourse students who performed at the highest…

This article examines some of the intricacies of personality types and their effect on career choices. Proposes that knowing students' Myers-Briggs personality types can help school counselors guide them down the right career path. (GCP)

Studies the effect of musical preferences on undergraduate students' estimation of numerous behavioral traits and the desirability of a potential heterosexual date. Finds that such disclosure influences attraction, as well as the perception and evaluation of pertinent traits, the effects being a function of genre-specific stereotypes and…

Examined whether, for higher-level management and professional personnel, personality measures would predict performance as least as well as cognitive measures and that best prediction of performance would be obtained from combination of cognitive and personality measures. Results support hypothesis that best prediction is obtained from…

Concepts of self-confirmation, interpersonal diagnosis, and prototype construction are used to integrate research and clinical findings concerning depression. Various theoretical accounts and bodies of data that fit within this integrative conceptual framework are examined, and implications for psychotherapy are discussed. (SLD)