Though recent decades have witnessed radical changes in the nature of the society, technology offers a way for schools to continue providing quality educational services. The combination of rapidly changing constituencies, an emphasis on cost-effectiveness, and the trend toward individualized learning presents educational needs that can be filled…

This research determined how the complex classroom ecology of differentiated (especially individualized) instruction affects (1) the ways teachers communicate knowledge about work procedures, deviance boundaries, and work values; and (2) teachers' perceptions of student orientation to such knowledge. Findings from a survey of 237 elementary school…

This book examines cooperation, competition, and individualization in the classroom. Although the authors admit to a preference for cooperation among students in learning situations, they also believe that there are times when competition and individualization may be more beneficial. These three goal structures are examined in terms of: (a)…

This document consists of a brief description of a continuum model of individualized instruction and a learning module on individualized instruction. The continuum model spreads the instructional components--objectives, diagnosis, instruction, and evaluation--on a continuum from teacher-directed to student-directed activity. The learning module is…

The present study was designed to determine if students would improve their test performance in order to earn the right to self-evaluate their daily tasks, and then, whether they would maintain high test performance in order to keep this privilege. A second purpose was to demonstrate a practical way in which teachers could effectively reduce the…

PLAN is a computer-managed individualized learning program with two major goals: to provide each child with an individualized program of studies in the language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies and to involve students in making decisions and assuming responsibility for their own learning. A computer assists the teacher by scoring and…

The SOLVE story begins with a History of SOLVE and a Statement of Need. The needs of the member schools of SOLVE are nearly all focused on staff development skills. In the section on Staff Development the writers of this project have detailed some expectations for teachers in the individualization of instruction. Also in this section are detailed…

In a national study of individualized instructional programs for the U.S. Office of Education, Jack V. Edling of the Oregon State System of Higher Education, Corvallis, conducted an in-depth survey of 46 programs in 24 States. PREP kit, No. 16, reports on that study in 13 documents, covering such subjects as objectives of individualized…

Curriculum designers have derived data for instructional purposes from 1) the subject matter, 2) society, and 3) the learner. The computer plays an instrumental role in individualizing the presentation of curriculum derived from these sources. Research on instruction has concerned itself with devising material for individual needs and adapting…

For the next ten years, at least, it would almost certainly be prohibitively expensive for a student to receive a major part of each day's instruction in a direct individual dialogue with a computer. Furthermore such a system would not teach a student to interact effectively with other humans, to communicate the results of his labors to others, or…

This Technical Report is concerned with various problems of instructional management encountered in situations which stress self-selection and self-pacing principles. These problems deal primarily with the efficient utilization and allocation of human and material resource materials to formulate an operational, individualized, inquiry-learning…

Individually Prescribed Instruction (IPI) represents a significant innovation in education because it is one of the first successful operations of individualized instruction on a systematic basis throughout an entire school from kindergarten through sixth grade. The aim of IPI is to have the student regularly experience successful learning so that…

Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) is surveyed in terms of both the extent of research progress as well as the degree of utilization for this new technological approach to education. After a brief review of some of the critical terminology used to describe research progress within CAI, a conceptual framework by which to consider current…

This booklet is a sample activity from an individualized instruction unit in mathematics. Agreement between the performance specified in the units' objectives, the performance taught in the instruction activity, and performance required on the posttest was a key criterion during the development of this material. The student is told what he is…

Achievement and intelligence tests have been criticized for their adverse effects on the mental health and intellectual development of children. The fault is not with the testing, but with the instructional program. Reforms in testing must be accomplished as part of a revolution in the total instructional program encompassing: (1) a shift from a…