Generation 1 learners are adult-arrival immigrants who enter U.S. education through adult ESL. Verbatim speech was collected from interviews and observations of six Generation 1 learners in their first college term. This taxonomic analysis presents learners' descriptions of their college reading. Learners held complex understandings of reading,…

This basic qualitative study identified and described the types of explicit instruction talented and gifted (TAG) teachers used with struggling students and potential twice-exceptional (2e) students. The study also examined how teachers identify struggling students and potential 2e students. This study was essential to the field of education…

It is a commonly held belief among educational practitioners that students in classrooms practicing Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) principles have greater academic growth throughout the school year. This study examined 174 unique classroom settings and correlated the results of 4146 third grade students' responses from a survey about the…

Reading comprehension is a mental skill that requires establishing connections between the content of the text and the individual's prior knowledge. The purpose of the current study is to examine the reading comprehension levels of primary school fourth grade students based on their answers to open-ended questions about a narrative text in…

The Reading League builds the understanding of evidence-aligned reading instruction and its application with a variety of supports for educators as they build their knowledge and professional networks around the science of reading. It builds the understanding of evidence-aligned reading instruction and its application with a variety of supports…

Merging evidence from psychological models of reading comprehension, ethnographic research on language and literacy, and textual linguistics lines of research, the authors take the position that psychological models of reading comprehension often overlook written language comprehension and production as context-embedded, sociocultural processes.…

Leisure reading is a main contributor to print exposure, which is in turn related to individual differences in reading and language skills. The Author Recognition Test (ART) is a brief and objective measure of print exposure that has been used in reading research since the 1990s. Life span studies have reported contradicting results concerning age…

If educators want to improve reading achievement on scale, Shanahan notes, we need to organize school days more effectively, so they support increased literacy learning--not hinder it. He presents suggestions for increasing the amount of literacy instruction elementary students receive, through more flexibility of scheduling and more wisely…

The complexities of words in different subject areas increase as students transition from elementary school to middle school. Although most secondary school readers can read monosyllabic words, many other older readers have difficulty with reading multisyllabic words because of their poor phonological and morphological skills. Explicit…

Many educators assign course readings to purposefully enlarge students' perspectives. In doing so, though, educators may face a range of behaviors--reluctance, resistance, avoidance, disengagement--from students who feel that such readings negatively press upon their prior knowledge, belief systems, or educational goals. This teaching challenge is…

There are three purposes of this paper, the first of which is to elucidate the theory and principles underlying extensive reading. Long-held principles will be discussed in light of practical classroom and contextual considerations. Secondly, a critical summary of current research on extensive reading that has been conducted in English as a Second…

Reading by third grade is a hot topic. Dozens of state legislatures have passed laws aimed at improving early reading, many of them mandating retention if the job is not done by the end of grade 3. Everyone from philanthropists to publishers, from parents to the press, have fixed on it. And setting aside too many people's assumptions to the…

Reading comprehension is a fundamental skill that all individuals should have. A foundation of reading set in children's early years is integral to proper growth and development. Parents or guardians should spend quality time reading to their children at home prior to children attending school. Teachers should construct language arts programs,…

Academic vocabulary is the specialized language used to communicate within academic settings. The Coxhead (2000) taxonomy is one such list that identifies 570 headwords representing academic vocabulary. Researchers have hypothesized that students possessing greater fluent reading skills are more likely to benefit from exposure to vocabulary due to…

Pearson sought to explore whether the use of Bug Club, an online and in-print reading scheme targeted at ages 4-11, is related to pupils' literacy learning, attitudes to reading and school, and reading activity. This Research Report presents findings from one research study: a multi-approach evaluation we conducted in collaboration with University…