Whether initiated by law, regulation, or administrative direction, evaluations have political purposes. Improvement, the classic purpose of evaluation, is most faithfully observed when the importance, funding, and constituency of a program are small. If something is wrong, or if the program's existence is threatened, evaluation can become a weapon…

Media dependency was examined as a complex construct involving the interactions of exposure to television news, exposure to newspapers, and expression of reliance on one medium or the other. A weighted sample of 2,402 respondents was used, representing the United States national population in 1976. A questionnaire assessed each subject's political…

The educational policy for the schools of the black noncitizen group residing within the Canal Zone is the subject of this study. The time period examined covers roughly the first half of the twentieth century. In the first chapter the significance, relevance, and limitations of the study are discussed. The second chapter describes the…

The easiest way to isolate significant influences on the English teacher in the last 15 years and to assess the impact of research on classroom practice is to study the network of constraints and pressures surrounding the teacher. Some changes in direction and emphasis in education occur according to which political party is in power. The years…

The most pressing problems of research on minority groups have not received adequate attention. One such problem is that of identification and understanding of the mechanisms of learning facility and learning dysfunction and the implications of both for the optimum development of heterogeneous populations. Secondly, in contrast to the body of…

This bibliography provides a survey of current published research in urban education. It is divided into the following topics: (1) general works on urban education; (2) educating urban youth; (3) fiscal priorities in urban education; (4) emerging (school-community) partnerships; (5) political and legal realities confronting urban education; and…

The areas of language planning and the language of oppression are discussed within the theoretical framework of existential sociolinguistics. This tradition is contrasted with the contemporary models of positivism with its assumptions about constancy and quantification. The proposed model brings in social history, intent, consciousness, and other…

Ways in which planning can be enhanced across organizational levels within higher education institutions are outlined, and examples of institutional planning are analyzed from centralized/decentralized perspectives. Generalizations about planning are drawn with particular attention to ways in which effective human planning behavior can be…

Interest groups in contemporary American society achieve their goals in proportion to the amount of power they are able to exert. Therefore, school administrators should exercise their authority and political power as effective lobbyists to influence legislative decisions on both state and federal levels for the achievement of educational…

A study determined the extent of influence members of a city's business elite have on civil rights policy of the city's school system. The National Opinion Research Center interviewed the school superintendent, school board members, civil rights leaders, other political leaders, and members of the business elite in eight large cities. The study…

The convergence theory asserts that industrial nations are becoming increasingly alike due to their economic and technological development. Most interpretations of the convergence theory either state or imply that political factors are unimportant in shaping the common welfare state toward which all industrial nations are converging. Using data on…

The twentieth century history of the academic study of political communication can be divided into three parts: the period between the World Wars, the period 1940-1965, and the period from 1965 to the present. In the first period, social scientists were greatly concerned that the democratic process might be subverted by propaganda; they were…

For decades research on mass media in political campaigns has yielded little evidence of direct, significant effects. Most survey research on elections found adequate explanations for voting decisions while excluding the impact of mass media. Although the increasing use of expensive television advertising campaigns is evidence of the confidence of…

This script of "National Town Meeting," a public affairs program on National Public Radio, contains a panel discussion on the future of public broadcasting, during which panel members also answer questions from the audience. The topics discussed include programming and program content, production costs, public participation, funding, the…

College and university faculty, together with their students, have established a reputation as being among the most liberal-left political groups in the United States. The extent to which that reputation is deserved and reasons why political liberality is so dominant on the nation's campuses are the subjects of this document. The empirical…