The dilemma articulated in small group and en masse discussions produced the theme, "Through a Glass, Darkly," for the 1971-1972 edition of "Classroom Practices." This document is a collection of essays espousing various methods of teaching English. One predominant concern of all English teachers is the issue of priorities in education. English…

Cross-cultural surveys of 6th grade children in 12 countries presented them with six hypothetical situations in which friends had committed minor violations of adult norms (stealing, cheating on a test, breaking a window, and mischievous pranks). They were asked if they would inform in response to an adult who asks for the names of those involved.…

Piagetian theory provides direction and support for an early identification, early intervention focus for special education of handicapped children. This focus includes guidance and training for parent and child to enhance their relationship and to facilitate the child's movement through normal developmental sequences in sensory-motor, cognitive,…

The role of a teacher is that of a person who must deal with the socio-emotional demands of a system; foremost in this is the teacher-student relationship. To gauge the differences between secondary and elementary school teachers in these relationships, a revised version of the Problem Analysis Questionnaire (1960) was used. Eighty-one teachers,…

A course which is an investigation and appraisal of prose, poetry, fine arts, and music which reflects the environment's effect on man or man's effect on his environment is presented. Performance objectives include the following: (1) Students will formulate a definition of what constitutes man's environment; (2) Students will examine the reactions…

A model for the analysis of simple human conceptual behavior, based on the apparent similarities of human conceptual behavior and that of infrahuman subjects, is developed. A minimum definition of conceptual behavior is given: A single response, verbal or nonverbal, under the discriminative control of a group of stimuli whose parameters are…

A correspondence is suggested between the two different abilities underlying performance on intellectual or learning tasks discussed by Jensen and the two response processes postulated by various mediational models of discrimination learning. To test this, two groups of nursery school children differentiated by the measurable social class of their…

This paper distinguishes several ways in which phonemic information might be employed in spelling; examines some empirical data on the consequences of using these information sources; formulates hypotheses about the underlying processes involved; and suggests possible implications for the teaching (and learning) of spelling. Included are tables of…

THE RELATIONSHIPS OPERATING AMONG COMMUNICATOR CREDIBILITY, PERSUASIVELY INDUCED ATTITUDE CHANGE, AND SUBSEQUENT OVERT BEHAVIOR WERE IDENTIFIED AND ANALYZED. COMMUNICATOR CREDIBILITY WAS DEFINED AS THE EFFECT OF THE IMAGE OF A SPEAKER IN THE MINDS OF A LISTENING AUDIENCE PRIOR TO THE TIME OF UTTERANCE (ARNOLD, 1965). A TOTAL OF 734 COLLEGE…

EIGHTEEN PAPERS WERE PRESENTED AT A CONFERENCE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY EDUCATIONAL STIMULATION. ALL DEALT WITH EARLY AND CONTINUOUS INTELLECTUAL STIMULATION OF CHILDREN, AGES 3 THROUGH 12. THE PAPERS INCLUDED WERE--(1) INTRODUCTORY COMMENTS, (2) COGNITIVE STRUCTURE AND EARLY LEARNING, (3) OBSERVATIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR APPRAISING…

AS PART OF THE RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF RESPONSE-CONTINGENT REINFORCERS ON THE LEARNING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING BEHAVIOR OF CHILDREN, THE EFFECTS OF A LIMITED NUMBER OF VARIABLES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN OF THREE AGE LEVELS (4-5, 7-8, AND 10-11), SELECTED EQUALLY FROM MIDDLE- AND LOWER-CLASS BACKGROUNDS, WERE INVESTIGATED. THE EXPERIMENTAL…

This paper presents a theory of individual differences in teachers' evaluation of student composition, which is based on the notion that certain formulations of writers in various disciplines--such as literary criticism, philosophy, and psychology--can provide a basis for understanding. Sources tapped include, among others, the following titles:…

Item data from two scales of the Ohio Vocational Interest Survey were used to investigate the relationship between item-favorability and sex bias. Item-response data, item sex group interaction data, and item-total score correlational data were examined. It was found that item-favorability was not a suitable criterion for the identification of…

Continuous self-monitoring (CSM) was compared with a demand characteristics control condition (non self-monitoring), with intermittent self-monitoring (ISM) and with another control condition. It was predicted that both self-monitoring conditions would produce effects over and above the demand characteristics inherent in the self-monitoring…

The results of five studies into the characteristics of wrong answers as a class of divergent behavior are presented. The evidence from these studies, when taken in combination, suggests that the tendency of researchers to ignore wrong answers has been a fundamental procedural error of broad scope and serious consequences. Instead of the straight…