Examines the theory and application of zero base budgeting (ZBB) and presents an example of ZBB in an academic library reference department, illustrating the preparation of a budget proposal and demonstrating the different approaches to staffing for reference services and varying funding levels. (FM)

Considers the role of medical librarians as it contributes to the effectiveness of patient care teams, and discusses the training and certification of clinical librarians, the development of library health care services, and the activities of medical information networks. (FM)

Briefly explores the impact on library services of Proposition 13 and similar measures and suggests that the consequent proposals to charge user fees may threaten the entire concept of the free public library. (Author)

Utilizes the results of a study that examined how information was sought and actually used in everyday situations to emphasize that an understanding of the self-informing process can improve the services of adult services librarians by increasing their awareness and by suggesting communication skills needed. (Author/JD)

Discusses results of an empirical study of the library reference assistance process that indicate the need to incorporate a select strategy that librarians use in the choice of appropriate information sources. The reference process is examined, a model is presented, and the survey instruments and examples of reference transactions are appended.…

The seven state libraries of Australia are profiled in two- page articles. Each article contains a description of the library and its programs, a statement from its director or state librarian about his/her background, and photographs. (DGM)

Discussion of the female-intensive specialization of youth services librarianship and their role in the American Library Association focuses on their jurisdiction over the Newbery Medal. Topics include the question of realism in children's literature; the Sayers Institute; and evaluation criteria. Contains 65 references. (LRW)

The Government Printing Office (GPO) is undertaking a study to "identify measures necessary for a successful transition to a more electronic Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP)." The ability of the GPO to secure agency dissemination of electronic information through the FDLP and the willingness of depository libraries to remain in…

Discussion of changes in society that have resulted from information and communication technologies focuses on changes in libraries and a new market for library services with new styles of clients. Highlights client service issues to be considered when transitioning to a virtual library situation. (Author/LRW)

Investigates how psychotherapists define, cope with, and treat difficult patients. Explains the psychology of difficult clients, techniques psychologists use in working with them, and how these might be utilized by librarians, and emphasizes the importance of seeing difficult clients as a means of personal growth. (Author/LRW)

Through American Library Association (ALA) projects in Latin America, American librarianship progressed from conceptualization to implementation as the model in modernizing Latin American library practices and societies. Development of library practices was fundamental to pursuit of a "modern" society. In fighting fascist propaganda, the…

Discussion of diversity in higher education focuses on a comparison of Stanford University and UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) libraries' responses to increasingly diverse student populations from 1960 to 1990. Historical backgrounds are given and recommendations for promoting diversity are considered. Contains 70 notes. (LRW)

Considers the use of the phrase "customer service" with reference to libraries and their users' needs, expectations, and satisfaction. Librarians' perceptions of those being served, and the public's view of library workers, are discussed, and a sidebar examines the history of fee-based subscription libraries. (LRW)

Presents responses to 10 common arguments against the use of Internet filters in libraries. Highlights include keyword blocking; selection of materials; liability of libraries using filters; users' judgments; Constitutional issues, including First Amendment rights; and censorship. (LRW)