Reports on a study designed to reveal differences in quality ratings that teachers in three high school curricular areas--English and social studies, mathematics and science, and business--gave to representative samples of freshman writing in the argument mode. (RBW)

A mountain of paperwork can be pared to a molehill when teachers concentrate on diagnostic and testing techniques that minimize written responses. This article explains how to evaluate students in ways that emphasize oral responses, hand signals, and student grading of papers. (PP)

Describes 10 methods of assessment that teachers can use alone or in combination: (1) multiple marking, (2) peer evaluation, (3) mastery learning, (4) contracted learning, (5) credit/no credit grading, (6) self-evaluation, (7) anecdotal records, (8) pupil profiles, (9) checklists, and (10) dossiers. (FL)

The results of an initial study of the relationship between grades and number of words written on assignments at the Open University are reported. Analysis shows that higher grades are awarded students with longer answers, and suggestions for standardization are made. (LBH)

Tutor attitudes toward the marking of a sample of scripts from a particular course at the Open University were discussed at meetings called the Tutor Agreement Trial. The main object was to lessen the feeling of isolation often experienced by part-time staff teaching at a distance. (LBH)

This study examined the usefulness of applying the Rasch rating scale model (D. Andrich, 1978) to high school grade data. ACT assessment test scores (English, Mathematics, Reading, and Science) were used as "common items" to adjust for different grading standards in individual high school courses both within and across schools. This…

This book presents ideas to help middle and high school physical education (PE) teachers develop performance based assessments. The book: identifies problems in traditional PE and explains how using performance based assessment can improve student learning; notes that it is unnecessary to totally rewrite the PE program, offering guidelines for…

This book is designed for parents who have trouble understanding their school-aged children's grades, report cards, and test scores. It helps them make sense of school reports and offers resources to open communications between parents and teachers. The seven chapters focus on: (1) "Getting Started" (e.g., what grading and reporting mean, whether…

Passing scores for licensure and certification tests are justified by showing that decisions based on the passing score achieve the purposes of the credentialing program while avoiding any serious negative consequences. The passing score is justified to the extent decisions based on it have positive consequences. More specifically, the standard…

Instructors of Composition I at Lansing Community College (LCC) in Lansing, Michigan, are required by the Department of Communication to grade a paper in four areas: content, structure, style, and mechanics. The policy, in effect in its present form since 1982, places heavy emphasis upon the conventions or "mechanics" of writing Edited…

A set of constructed portfolios containing achievement products and background information for a simulated student was used to investigate how teachers formulate the evaluation of achievement of their students. The materials, developed for a simulated student named "Chris," were presented to 147 student teachers who graded the 8 product…

This study examined the usefulness of applying the Rasch rating scale model (D. Andrich, 1978) to high school grades. ACT Assessment test scores (English, Mathematics, Reading, and Science Reasoning) were used as "common items" to adjust for different grading standards in individual high school courses both within and across schools.…

This bibliography of 38 items is intended to help teachers and others find information that can guide them in making appropriate changes in the classroom based on the needs of individual students with disabilities. All of the books, articles, and videos listed contain suggestions and techniques that can help teachers and, ultimately, students. A…

This paper presents a new method to test for grade inflation. Defining grade inflation as the decreasing value of grades in the coin of student achievement, the study avoids the assumption that a rise in mean grade is a necessary condition of grade inflation. The study, which was conducted at a single university, also sought to determine whether…

This book offers detailed and complex guidance, and the necessary techniques, for grading college students' writing. It examines why it is important to integrate grading into the writing process; the need for effective writing assignments; ensuring fair professorial judgments; promoting student learning; helping students learn how to respond…