To evaluate office occupations realistically, evaluation procedure criteria were developed using office simulation techniques. Grading methods given cover quality, quantity, attenance, tardiness, use of time, and cost of extra supplies, with grade penalties for performance deficiencies. (MF)

The reliability of grades on tutor-marked assignments was studied as background for debate on changing examination and assessment policy at the Open University. Results indicate that essay questions present the greatest reliability problems. (JMF)

To have more contact with children who particularly desired her help, an itinerant art teacher set up a box in each school where students could voluntarily leave their artwork for her to comment on and return later. The week's outstanding products were displayed in the cafeteria "art gallery." (SJL)

Describes an approach to evaluating creative writing in which the teacher acts as an editor and grades according to contracts set up during conferences. (MKM)

The interconnecting roles of vocational and special educators in preparing handicapped students for employment are examined, and a case study of a 26-year-old mildly retarded man with emotional problems is presented. (CL)

Describes how an astronomy course, designed for nonscience students, was structured, taught, and graded, pointing to specific changes made with respect to the individualizing aspect of the procedure. (GA)

Third-year education students (n=25) required to self-assess a literature review using the teacher's grading guide produced assessments generally in agreement with the teacher's but tended to overestimate their grades. Interviews with students indicated those overestimating their grades were less clear about evaluation standards and wanted more…

Discusses how 4 teachers handle writing assignments, response, grading, portfolios, time allotted for completion of assignments, and classroom environment for English-as-a-second-language students. (RS)

Describes how to create a rubric for portfolios which includes quantity and quality. Presents suggestions for implementing a two-tiered portfolio rubric. (RS)

A review of research on college student motivation and its relationship to learning looks at popular views of motivation, extrinsic vs. intrinsic motivation, the effects of extrinsic rewards, similarities to learning orientation and grading orientation, evaluation methods, and the power structure in the classroom. (MSE)

Quantitative self-assessment studies that compared self-evaluations and teacher marks/grades were subjected to meta-analysis. Results of a meta-analysis of 51 studies are summarized. It is suggested that researchers should attend to both good design and to adequate reporting of self-assessment studies. (TJH)

Comparison of college students' (N=14) graded and ungraded Spanish compositions revealed that, when they anticipated receiving a grade, students wrote longer compositions with more complex sentences. However, the type and number of errors varied among students. (CB)

A study investigated the effects of grading practices on the oral production and attitudes of high school students in first-year German courses. The effectiveness of structured situational practice activities on oral communication with and without grading were examined. Results indicated that there were differences in proficiency as related to…

Two methods--non-distributional and normal--are derived for estimating measures of pass-fail reliability. Both are based on the Spearman Brown formula and require only a single test administration. Results from a simulation (n=20,000 examinees) and a licensure examination (n=4,828 examinees) illustrate these methods. (SLD)

Education is on the wrong track largely because of "solutions" that have isolated teachers and students from one another and from sensible ways of spending time. Assessment is a full-fledged disaster that discriminates, stigmatizes, and disempowers individuals for life. Education is not an orderly, rational system. Educators should…