A college course designed to introduce students to the administration of voluntary associations is described. Course goals and objectives are discussed, and course requirements and the grading system are reviewed. Sources of teaching materials are provided. The appendix contains a list of national organizations that provide training materials and…

Describes the development of the Clwyd Graded Objectives Scheme in French. Tests were developed in which the context of the questions and the language used were authentic and covered the skills of listening, reading, speaking, and writing. Discusses each of these test components and the way in which they were graded. (SED)

Reports the findings of an investigation into student teacher failure in final teaching practice in training institutions in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Few students who complete a course of training fail. Reasons for this finding are discussed. A reappraisal of the approach to the final assessment of teaching practice is suggested. (CT)

Attempts to determine how significant it is to classroom teaching of race oriented topics that the instructor and students are of different races, with the premise that the increased presence of minority students and faculty on the college campus has special significance to race related courses. The study is limited to black-white interaction.…

A statistical analysis reveals that: (1) inclusion of continuous assessment (CA) scores in the final assessment does not alter the ranking order of student performance; (2) it sometimes benefits the student, especially those of below-average ability; and (3) inclusion of CA in the final assessment of students in honors courses has no significant…

This guide presents Cooperation/Competition (C/C) as the next stage in the evolution of cooperative learning, with its unique ability to mobilize the powerful forces of intergroup and individual competition to supplement cooperative learning's teamwork. In C/C, teachers group students into homogeneous or heterogeneous learning teams, with teams…

This study investigated Brazilian elementary teachers' decision making processes when evaluating and grading students' written work. Teachers analyzed the written work of four students who were unknown to them, then produced reports indicating: their perception of the author's grade level and reasons for believing it was that grade level; positive…

This study investigated preservice, inservice, and college teachers' reasons for making assessment and grading decisions. A survey examined their perspectives about a case study that presented a grading dilemma in which a teacher, "Sarah", assigned grades based on criteria that were potentially invalid and unreliable. Participants analyzed the…

While scholars--Elbow (1997), Dolphin (1997)--have suggested contract grading, most contracts are initially created from the top down to promote the accountability required by administrators. Additionally, Radican (1997) describes issues of accountability in portfolio assessment. This paper describes the use of contracts along three major…

This monograph discusses two studies that investigated weighting grades and waiving classes for gifted students. Data were gathered from 19 interviews with teachers, counselors and administrators in four high schools, questionnaires filled out by 189 high school administrators, 80 school policies on weighting grades and 19 policies on waiving…

As part of a larger study, variables that significantly influenced the grades of young girls were investigated. The sample included 52 middle-level girls (grade 7), all of whom were participants in a project examining factors that support or inhibit rural and urban girls' participation in science, mathematics, and technology. Preliminary analyses…

This bulletin provides information to Missouri school districts on grading, credits, and graduation for students with disabilities. It reviews the difference between the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and discusses discrimination toward students with disabilities and its prohibition…

Describes a system of grading and grade reporting adopted at the Chapel Hill-Chauncy Hall School, Massachusetts, for classes in science and mathematics. Attempts to make grades more truly indicators of a level of performance by pointing out an individual's strengths and weaknesses in a given subject area. (JR)

Discusses a study of differences in seven instructors' grading of four college business writing assignments. (DD)

Results of a survey of 486 admissions officers at undergraduate institutions and graduate, law, and medical schools for their opinions on various traditional and nontraditional grading systems. (Editor)