The Soviet Union has embarked upon a five-year plan to improve education at all levels. Some of the major aspects of the reform movement include: (1) improving the status of teachers by providing salary increases from 25 to 35 percent and trying to entice more men to enter teaching; (2) trying to increase the birthrate by emphasizing preschool…

Youth in the western United States are increasing in number, but increased numbers will not necessarily translate into increased expenditures for youth programs. In the future, children in the west are more likely to have a nonWhite racial background, especially Hispanic and Asian, and they may be first-generation Americans whose parents' native…

This report combines the techniques of multistate life table analysis with the human capital theory of wages to derive new estimates of the impact of children on hours of market work and earnings for American women aged 15 to 55 years old. The impact of fertility on female labor force behavior is analyzed, and opportunity expenditures (the money…

After a brief introduction delineating the scope of the case study, chapter 1 summarizes findings and conclusions about the costs and effectiveness of neonatal intensive care in the United States. Chapter 2 inventories the national supply of neonatal intensive care units and describes recent trends in use and costs. Chapter 3 reviews mortality and…

This report examines the determinants of the high level of infant mortality in Washington, D.C. Data were analyzed for 36,872 black resident single-delivery births occurring in the years 1980 through 1984, and 762 infant deaths occurring to these birth cohorts from 1980 to 1985. Findings were the following: (1) poor birthweight distribution among…

The possibility that interfamilial and intrafamilial differences exist in children's reports of parental childrearing behavior was investigated. Subjects were members of 29 families in which divorces had taken place and 30 families in which marriages were intact. Each family had two children. Individual family members' responses to the 56-item…

Some family transitions have been reshaped by demographic changes in recent years. Changes in mortality patterns have expanded the duration of individual lives and family relationships. The death of a child, once an expectable part of life, is now so rare that it constitutes a major life crisis. Facing the death of one's parents, still a normal…

The two factors of live births and migration constitute the major determinants of the size and composition of the population for the provinces as well as for Canada as a whole. The decline in fertility has almost exactly offset the increase in the number of young women in the child-bearing age groups. The effective length of the reproductive…

Text, illustrations, and reinforcement exercises are utilized in these nine learning modules to instruct nurses and expectant mothers in topics related to pre-natal care, labor, and post-partum readjustment. The first module, "Pre-Natal Evaluation" by Betty Ostrander, teaches the nurse to diagnose toxemia of pregnancy. The second module,…

Important because of implications for program planning, student costs, and state aid payments, this study projects New York State's public and private student enrollment from 1976 to 1990. The study reviews research procedures, statistical methods, and sources of essential information for predicting enrollment. Literature concerning enrollment…

Four factors have been reported in the literature as being related to spatial test performance. This study investigated the main and interaction effects of sex, handedness, birth order, and experience on three different types of spatial performance; surface development, object rotation, and coordination of viewpoints. A total of 217 undergraduate…

This paper summarizes findings of a baseline study of Canadian child welfare services and provides a critique of current social policy in Canada. Presently, Canadians have the largest number ever of 15 to 19 year olds (n = 2,369,000). This record number of children born in the late 1950s and early 1960s is likely to affect the number of births in…

This brief report summarizes the findings and conclusions of studies concerning the relation between birth order and various aspects of personality and intellectual development. Major topics discussed are the relation between birth order of the child and: (1) the effects of sex and spacing between siblings on personality characteristics of the…

This paper criticizes Zajonc's confluence model of the relationship between sibling spacing and sibling intelligence. According to Zajonc, variations in the intellectual performance of individuals are accounted for in part by two features of the individual's family of orientation: (1) the number of children in that family, and (2) the spacing…

This study assessed the attitudes of 1200 high school youth from Georgia concerning adolescent marriage, pregnancy, and maternal and newborn health. The instrument used to assess knowledge of maternal and newborn health was the Maternal and Child Health Test (Walters, McKenry, & Henley, 1977). The data were analyzed primarily by a series of…