The constitutionality of the Missouri abortion statute was challenged by two physicians and Planned Parenthood of Central Missouri in the Danforth case. The Supreme Court reversed a district court decision in part, ruling that parental and spousal consent requirements are unconstitutional. For journal availability see HE 508 875. (LBH)

The perceived relationship between marriage and achievement among 167 women graduates (ages 45-65) of the University of Michigan was analyzed. Women believed they had high potential for achievement because of perceived spousal commitment to shared family goals and domestic chores, whereas women with less or no support reported achievement was…

Tested hypothesis that a personalized acquaintance rape prevention program reduces risk-taking behavior and increases perception of vulnerability. Seventy female college students were exposed to Acquaintance Rape Prevention Program with experimentals and controls receiving personalized or nonpersonalized instruction, respectively. Findings showed…

Used Canadian mortality census data from 1959 through 1981 to examine relationship between marital status transitions of men and women and mortality from neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases. Found lower death rate among marrieds. Found men had greater mortality risk reduction from state of marriage than women. (Author/CM)

Investigated causes for rise in female age of marriage in Sri Lanka, studying 10,964 persons from 1,974 households. Found that rise in marriage age was not primarily a response to social pressure for fertility decline, but rather a result of urbanization, higher levels of education, unemployment, and consequent decline in parentally arranged early…

This study investigated characteristics differentiating life-long learners from low participants in learning among 195 human service professionals in southern New England. Discriminant function analysis of seven extracted factors and three demographic variables indicated significant differences distinguishing the two groups. (TJH)

A survey (n=306) of female employment patterns in the peripheral areas of Israel has shown that labor force participation rates differ across regions and types of settlements. Found that urban and rural women from the same region have different participation rates because of their different socioeconomic characteristics. (KS)

Obtained 4-year follow-up data regarding marital status and marital accord for 59 couples receiving either behavioral (BMT) or insight-oriented (IOMT) marital therapy in a controlled outcome study. Found no significant group differences between the two treatment conditions at termination or six-month followup; but by four-year followup, a…

Discusses the factors contributing to existing patterns of utilization of health care systems for the aged in poor health. Identifies trends in the demographic characteristics of the aged African American population that may affect ways to modify the existing systems to meet the needs of African American aged. (JS)

Asked 462 university students whether or not each of 16 scenarios represented "family" to ascertain their perceptions of "family." Found that all respondents considered traditional nuclear unit as family, and majority perceived marital status and parental status to be important features when defining family. Respondents tended to exclude…

A study examined schooling, weekly and annual working hours, and hourly earnings of women organized into nine birth cohorts, 1920 to 1964. Many more women are working now than did 20 years ago. The gap between the work of married and unmarried women has narrowed. Schooling and wage differences have widened in recent cohorts. (SK)

Tests whether patterns of gender differences in work values in Western societies were manifest in university students in Israel and are affected by marital status or major. Finds no significant differences in across the entire sample or within samples of single and married students; division by major did reveal significant differences. (DSK)

One of the most important goals that schools can undertake is to develop healthy partnerships with families. A truly collaborative school can be achieved only through active and positive partnerships with families. Students are all members of families first and students second. Family members are so interrelated that any individual experience that…

Little is known about the extent to which young fathers (age 22 and under) are involved with their children over time. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a national study on children born to unmarried parents, father's involvement with their child approximately one year after the birth is examined. This research…

In this essay, the author first describes the cultural ethos of the Federation of Women Teachers' Associations of Ontario (FWTAO), with its primary commitment to the never-married teacher. She then traces the declining status of the single, female teacher in the postwar period. Coupled with this decline is an emphasis placed on the importance of…