The Family Constellation Scale (FC Scale) is an instrument that assesses perceived birth order in families. It can be used in counseling to help initiate conversations about various traits and assumptions that tend to characterize first-born, middle-born children, youngest-born, and only children. It provides both counselors and clients insights…

An experimental program combining pregnant adolescents and nonpregnant girls in group therapy indicated advantages in this approach over group therapy involving only pregnant girls. (Author)

When differences in level of motivation were controlled, all of the previously found differences between firstborn and later born disappeared. (Authors)

The article discusses the problems of the pregnant school age girl and describes the kinds of programs best suited to improving comprehensive services to these girls and their families. The author stresses the role of school health personnel in helping school systems understand the risks involved. (BY)

Reviews experimental literature on the use of this technique to study personality and social variables. Two experiments on five related variables are reported. (SE)

Expanded version of a paper read at the Pacific Sociological Association Convention, April, 1964.

Presents current research on childlessness and the one-child family. The nine articles in this special issue include studies on the relationship of childlessness to marital satisfaction, childlessness and one-child families in the Soviet Union and early twentieth century America, voluntary childlessness, and effects of being an only child. (JAC)

This study explored the relationships among birth order, number of course credits achieved, and personality integration for 56 women graduate students. No evidence of significant stress was found as these women approached career choice points, nor was there a significant effect from birth order. (Author/RD)